Cycling tourism has some features compared to other types of tourism. First of all, this is a high traffic intensity and, as a result, a cyclist has time to see much more than, for example, a pedestrian or a mountaineer. A cyclist uses a more complex technique for traveling - a bicycle, and a cycling group and each of its athletes individually is a participant traffic, and must obey the rules of the road .

Consider the main features of cycling tourism. The first of them is due to the strong influence of ski and mountain tourism on the development of cycling tourism, as well as sports traditions. This feature lies in the sporty style of hiking, which is expressed in saving time and a clear organization of work on the route and in the camp. During the movement, any stops are prohibited without the permission of the commander, tents and belongings of the participants are collected while breakfast is being prepared; when breakfast is ready, almost all things must be packed. The mode of movement is the same as in other types sports tourism: 50 walking minutes and 10 minutes of rest. After the third crossing, lunch. Lunch, as is customary in other types of tourism, is never hot, and is, as a rule, a sandwich with sausage or cheese, washed down with pure spring water. During each halt, dried fruits are distributed, and after every 50 km. and on the passes put chocolate.

The second feature is that the routes should be planned so that they do not include pedestrian sections. If the pedestrian section meets, it must be justified (for example, it connects two interesting areas). We believe that cycling tourism must be by bike. But, nevertheless, I want to see places that cannot be reached by bicycle. Therefore, a feature of the tactics of cycling tourism are radial pedestrian exits or radials on empty bicycles. This allows you to see the sights, spending a minimum of time on it.

The third feature is that cycling routes should be as fast as possible. This allows you to see more, and, if everything goes according to plan, make several radial exits to interesting objects on the route. In addition, a high pace makes the route more interesting in terms of sports.

The fourth feature is respect for nature. In each campaign, the position of an ecologist is established, who brings the parking lot into proper shape before leaving. And also collects all the garbage created by the group on the route, in order to burn it at the stake in the evening.

Bicycle tourism is one of the types of sports tourism, which consists in cycling routes containing general tourism and cycling-specific obstacles.

In cycling tourism, there are six categories of hiking difficulty. The first category is the easiest, the sixth is the most difficult. The difficulty category of the trip is determined by the Methodology for categorizing cycling trips.

Minimum length cycling trip the first category of difficulty is 300 km. Among the types of sports tourism, where only muscular strength people, cycling is the leader in terms of speed and length of routes.

But of course, it is reasonable to engage in cycling tourism. Great importance here should be given to training.

Despite the fact that you will go hiking only in the warm summer season, you need to conduct training systematically, all year round. In winter it can be skiing, ice skating, athletics. Even with short breaks in training, the process of developing endurance is disrupted, and each time you have to start all over again.

Gradual increase in load, complication training sessions- here's the pledge proper development fitness.

Of great importance here is the rational daily routine of the athlete: sufficient rest at night, proper diet, rest and sports entertainment on fresh air, systematic occupation morning exercises etc. For those who have successfully passed training period, you can safely go on a bike trip.

Those who have not yet taken part in a big bike ride should not immediately go on too far a journey, they should first take a few short walks.

For children 9-10 years old, it is not necessary to choose a path of more than 5 km for a walk, 11-12-year-old students can make the first walk no more than 10 km. Adolescents 13-14 years old can travel for the first time over a longer distance - up to 25 km, 15-16 year olds - up to 35 km; 17-18-year-olds - up to 40 km. This value is about half the path of a one-day hike. On subsequent trips, you can gradually increase the distance so that it is first 60, 70 then 80 and 90% of the day's transition. It is recommended to drive at a speed of no more than 15 km per hour on an asphalt road and no more than 10 km per hour on a country road, making stops for 10 minutes every 5 km. And, of course, every cyclist needs to learn and firmly know the rules of the road and cycling.

When the group moves, the leader, who is selected from among the participants in the journey, goes in front, and the trailer, who is usually the leader of the group, goes behind. The interval between cyclists should be 3-5 m, and on difficult sections - up to 10 m or more. In order to properly distribute forces and not get tired, every 45-50 minutes of driving it is supposed to make a halt for 10 minutes. During the break, you need to do a warm-up (several exercises), inspect the bike, cargo; rest lying or sitting.

Teenagers aged 13-14 who have been engaged in cycling tourism for more than a year can extend the route up to 30 km per day. With such a length of path, the mode of movement should be as follows: after the first 10 km of the path - a halt for 30 minutes, in the middle of the path - a large halt for 3-4 hours, during which cyclists rest, dine, swim, see sights, museums, cook cars to the next transition, etc.

It is good to freshen up after a tiring journey by swimming in the river. After swimming, fatigue passes faster, the cyclist feels more cheerful. But remember that immediately after the ride, you can’t enter the water hot. Sit a little on the shore, relax, cool down.

A certain diet should also be a law for a cyclist tourist. You can not have a hearty lunch immediately before going on the road. There should be an interval of at least 1.5 hours between eating and starting to move. After stopping the movement, it is recommended to eat after some rest (about an hour after stopping for a halt).

Compliance with all these rules will help the cyclist's body work properly, and a participant in a hiking trip on a bicycle will develop strength, endurance, and improve overall physical development.

Cycling as a phenomenon

In addition, an important point is life in cycling trip. We understand what it means bike tour as part of a group, which means communication with their own kind))). This means housing, eating, etc. everyone in the group. This has its advantages. More fun, no doubt. Of course, I mean lodging for the night in campsites and in tents. At the end of a working day, it's nice to sit around the fire or just at the table by candlelight, at dinner, discussing the past day, sharing your impressions. Again, new acquaintances.

Separately, I want to note the overnight stay in campsites. If this is your first time to master this type of recreation, then you will have to experience this wonderful feeling, overnight in a tent. Pro campsites in Finland, their features and rules, you can find in the article " Campsites of Europe.

It is clear that the task of the athlete is somewhat different - the distance. In Norway, we met cyclists from Spain who had covered 1,470 km in less than three weeks. This, as you understand, is a different kind of recreation.

Maybe my thoughts turned out to be somewhat chaotic, but I conveyed one thing, in my opinion, quite accurately.

Cycling tourism- it's still recreation and sports)).

Cycling is one of the most popular types active rest. This is due to its great popularity and interest. modern people V healthy way life. So what makes cycling so attractive?

The only means of transportation is your two-wheeled friend. On it, a person will have to go through routes that include objects of an excursion nature (specific and general tourism). However, this seemingly simple form of tourism has its own characteristics, unknown to beginners.

With all the popularity of traveling by bike alone, it is team cycling that is developing more. We are attracted to it by various groups in social networks, broadcasting on forums, and the usual word of mouth. According to the complexity of such races, they can be simple and not very (when, for example, you have to drive 200 km a day). However, the latter option is more likely intended for cyclists with more experience than beginners.

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In addition to ordinary cycling trips, there is also sports cycling tourism, in which participants go through distances laid on a certain route. For passing difficulties and obstacles, as well as for range and speed, they receive new ranks and titles.

But still, the most attractive type of recreation for a novice tourist who wants to have a good time and enjoy the body and soul is a regular bike ride. It allows you to see the cultural and natural attractions of various areas.

Laying such routes can be very simple, involve long stops and even overnight stays. According to this criterion, cycling trips are divided into several types:

1. A day trip does not include overnight stays. They usually leave early in the morning and return in the evening of the same day.
2. Weekend trip (PVD) - includes one overnight stay. Departure takes place early Saturday morning and return on Sunday evening.
3. Multi-day bike trip - can include several overnight stays and any number of days. Usually these are long routes, sometimes intercity or even interstate.

How to prepare for a bike ride

Since cycling is extremely accessible, many beginners find it easy and does not require special training. However, it is important to understand that you can get caught on trifles - later this will lead to negative emotions and a complete mismatch of expectations with reality. Therefore, let's discuss the main points of preparation for a bike trip:

2. Plan a route in advance (calculate the duration, time of stops, evaluate the quality of roads in the areas).

3. Take a first aid kit with you.

• It is important:

4. Learn the rules of the road.

The last two points are especially important - your life and health depend on them.

How to prepare your bike for a hike

Before you go on a bike trip (especially solo), carefully check the condition of your steel friend. Pay attention to the following:

• Are the brakes working properly?
• is the steering wheel firmly fixed;
• are the carriages, chains, bushings lubricated;
• whether the chambers release air;
• Are there any damages on the tires?
• is the seat adjusted?
• are the needles intact;
• check the presence of lanterns and reflectors;
• equip the bike with mirrors (rear and front).

Choose the necessary equipment:

• special cycling clothing (it will protect against hypothermia or vice versa excessive sweating);
• tourist backpack;
• helmet;
• gloves;
• knee pads, elbow pads.

Cycling around the world

Today, in almost every city you can rent a bike. However, will it be possible to ride it with pleasure? The key to a successful trip (especially for beginners) are tracks and parking specially designed for this. Let's take a look at where you can find them.

Bicycle tourism in Russia is only gaining momentum. Among Russian cities, one can distinguish St. Petersburg, Ryazan and Yekaterinburg - it is there the largest number bike paths. In Moscow, Perm, Ufa and many other cities they also exist, but very few.

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Bicycle tourism in Ukraine is also developing, but bike paths began to appear relatively recently. Now these cities are: Kyiv, Vinnitsa, Lvov, Odessa and Mariupol. However, until now they are presented only on some streets.

As for cycling tourism in Europe, in this regard, its countries are more developed, as there are cities that are literally lined up for bicycles. Pleased with the cycling infrastructure of Germany, France, Switzerland, Norway, the Netherlands and Spain. But among the more distant countries, China and the United States can be distinguished.

"Cool Hours on Safety" - Emergencies on the railroad. "To survive". Individual protection means. Remember: your safety is in your hands! Gases! Tram stop. Task 5. "My friends are road signs." How to call the fire department, we know. Each of us can find ourselves in such an unforeseen situation.

"Human Behavior" - Steep Bank can be a good slide. What to do if you fall through the ice? Avoid places where the ice can be thin. How to help someone who has fallen through the ice? When meeting with a criminal, speak calmly and slowly, confidently. Choose a route that is not short, but safe. Never walk on ice alone!

"School Safety" - Evaluate the main dangers for yourself. Walk around the facility regularly. Remember - yours the main task survive! Avoid close proximity to terrorists. Preventive action. Actions in case of threats by phone. Actions when taken hostage. Pay attention to carried bags, packages, etc.

"Need for Safety" - Rescue Services. One of the human needs is the need for security. Definition of the subject of life safety. LIFE SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS. Everyday, heavy, routine, but extremely important work. Security is a state of security of the individual, society. A science that needs to be studied and developed. OBJ tasks. vital interests.

"Safety" - Safety. Instruction on safety during walks, hikes, excursions TB-059-OSh. Instructions for conducting educational activities. Instructions for the passage of summer practice. instruction logs. Ensuring the security of the activities of the CDO. Safety in the educational process.

"Rules of safe behavior" - Remember. Rules for the use of gas appliances. Switching off the device. Use of the water supply system. Use of hazardous substances. How dangerous are electrical appliances? Devices containing mercury. The federal law. Safe Behavior. General rules. Remember and know. Computer rules. Unified state system.

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One of the most low-cost and exciting types of tourism is. To take advantage of this type of travel, you need not only a bicycle, but also good physical fitness.

The history of the bicycle

According to some sources, the first mention of the movement of a person on structures with wheels dates back to the 15th century. But the development of the bicycle as a mode of transport began only in the 19th century.

So someone Ludwig Drais designed a controlled front wheel. Its length was 2.4 meters, and the wheels were 30 inches. On such a scooter, he traveled 100 kilometers in almost 7 hours. Somewhat later, Pierre Michaud, in 1860, installed two pedals on the front wheels of a scooter, and two years later such scooters began to be mass-produced, and they got their name - a bicycle. As soon as a bicycle appears, it immediately begins to undergo various reconstructions and changes. A tube frame appears, rubber is put on the wheels.

Beginning in 1870, a certain Hillman began to produce and sell the first all-metal bicycles with high wheels. Such a wheel was twice as large as a wheel modern bicycle. The first low chain-driven bicycle appeared in 1885 and was called a "rover" and weighed 20 kilograms. In 1888, after the invention of tires that were filled with air, the real heyday of a two-wheeled bicycle begins.

In 1950, the famous Italian cyclist Tullio Campagnolo invented the derailleur, which is used in this form on most modern bicycles today.

The improvement and reconstruction of the bicycle continues into the twentieth century. So in 1974 they began to produce bicycles made of titanium, and since 1975 - carbon fiber. 1983 was marked by the invention of the bicycle computer, and in the early 1990s, the distribution of the index shifting system began.

Bicycle types

Modern bicycle manufacturers produce the following range of bicycles.

Road bike. Such a bike is designed to move at high speeds on high-quality asphalt. On such bikes, records are set in multi-day cycling races such as the Tour de France, Giro di Italia, Huelta, as well as Olympic Games. When developing the design of such a bicycle, manufacturers primarily optimize speed characteristics. The cost of such bicycles is quite high, as they are intended for high-class professionals, and is about 10-20 thousand US dollars. Starter bikes cost around $300, while advanced designs cost $1,000 or more.

MTV (mountain bike). These bikes are different. So they have a slightly smaller wheel diameter, unlike the road one. The frame of such a bicycle is made of somewhat increased strength. Because the Mountain bikes have to operate in rather difficult road conditions, then such innovations as hydraulic brakes and suspension forks were created specifically for mountain bikes.

Road and mountain bikes are united by the fact that the designs of such bicycles were developed taking into account the achievement maximum speeds in different race conditions. When using these bikes, cyclists often sacrifice ease of use and ride comfort in the name of achieving top speeds.

City bike (citybike). The name itself speaks of the range of its application, it is designed for driving on city streets. In its design, it is similar to the "road". The design of such a bicycle uses multi-speed planetary hubs, which require almost no constant maintenance, and which allow you to shift gears in any condition, even without pedaling.

Touring bike (touring). A bicycle of this type is intended for making tourist routes. It can be out-of-town trips for one or two days, as well as multi-day autonomous transcontinental trips. In my own way appearance and design, it is similar to a road bike, but they have increased stability and make it possible to move comfortably with a significant load.

Tourists on bicycles

Of all existing species travel tourism on bicycles - the most profitable. Unlike motor vehicles, a bicycle does not require fuel, it can go where no other mode of transport will pass, it can be carried on difficult terrain by hand, and in emergency cases it can be taken with you on a train. Traveling by bike is much more pleasant than public transport, and the speed of movement is much higher than that of a pedestrian, and there are no problems at all with a backpack.

Probably, there is no such person who would not know how to ride a bicycle, because almost everyone learns this ride in childhood. Nowadays, the industry produces a wide range of road and touring bikes that are comfortable to ride, pick up speed quickly and brake easily, and at the same time weigh little. In addition, special clothing is available for sale for this type of travel, which makes it possible to feel quite comfortable in all weather conditions.

Cycling is good for health. Riding a bicycle helps to strengthen the muscles of the legs, in addition, the activity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems of the body is strengthened and normalized. Cycling trips can be short or long. As you can see, cycling has become one of the most popular types of summer recreation and entertainment.

There are two types of cycling trips - cycling trips and cycling tours. Participants of bike tours ride without luggage, as it is usually transported in an accompanying car. They eat in cafes and restaurants, stay overnight in hotels or campsites. Taking part in a bike trip, it is not always possible to take advantage of the benefits of civilization. This is due to the fact that the route can pass through places where they do not exist at all.

As a sport, there is also sports cycling tourism, which has six categories of hiking difficulty. So the length of the cycling trip of the first category of complexity should be at least 300 km.

Cycling tourism in the West is very popular, and in some countries such a direction of the tourism business as adventure tourism has even begun to develop. Travel companies began to organize trips to the most remote and exotic places - tropical forests, mountains and deserts. According to some data, every year about a million people travel around Europe on bicycles. In countries such as Switzerland, Italy, France, Spain, Germany travels by bicycle a large number of people, and the number of bicycles exceeds the number of cars. For the convenience of cyclists, special paths and bicycle stands are allocated on the roads.

If you look at the development of cycling tourism in Russia and Ukraine, then it will receive very little attention. Anyone who is fond of cycling must take care of everything himself. First of all, you need to plan your travel itinerary. Try to get him past freeways and busy highways. It is necessary that such a route pass along country roads, unpaved or asphalted, but in good condition. This route will be the safest and the air much cleaner. When compiling the route, it is necessary to calculate its duration and halt time, taking into account the physical capabilities of the participants in the trip. Special attention should be given equipment that will protect the head, arms and legs. Clothing should be bright so that drivers Vehicle on the road could easily see you.

We also invite you to watch a video about cycling tourism in the USA.