It's called a gyre. Historical aspects of the emergence and development of power juggling with kettlebells. Kettlebell lifting - benefit or harm

Terminology is a system of terms that expresses a set of specific concepts in a particular type of activity. Accurate and clear terminology in kettlebell lifting improves the quality pedagogical work. It is difficult to explain movement if there is no precise and concise definition for it.

The following are the main terms used in kettlebell lifting at the present time. Since kettlebell exercises are also associated with weight lifting, it is natural that many terms are borrowed from weightlifting.

START- initial position (ip) of the athlete for lifting, kettlebells.

CAPTURE- a way to grip the kettlebell handle. It can be performed in two ways: 1) grip from above - the position of the hand, in which the palm on the kettlebell handle is facing down; 2) grip from below - the position of the hand, in which the palm on the handle of the kettlebell is facing upwards.

JERK- kettlebell biathlon exercise, in which the kettlebell is lifted up on a straight arm in one continuous movement.

PUSH- kettlebell biathlon exercise, performed in two steps: first the weights are lifted to the chest, the second weights are pushed up on straight arms.

AN APPROACH- single or multiple exercise with kettlebells.

PRE-START- the beginning of lifting weights (weights) from the platform from and. P.

MAIN START- the most convenient non-fixed rack with kettlebell (kettlebells) before performing the main part (phase) of the exercise.

SWING- preparatory movement of the weight (weights) in the direction opposite to the main movement.

PROSOV BRUSH- displacement of the hand inside the handle of the weight until it stops with the base thumb to the inside.

MAX- the pendulum movement of the weight in one direction or another.

FIXING- holding the kettlebell at the top on straightened arms and in a position that meets the requirements of the competition rules.

Kettlebell weightlifting- view kettlebell lifting, which includes two exercises in the competition program: push and snatch.

LONG CYCLE KETTLE PUSH- a type of kettlebell lifting, which includes one exercise in the competition program, which includes throwing weights on the chest, pushing and dropping weights in a hanging position.

EXERCISE CYCLE- a structural unit that characterizes the complete one-time execution of an exercise (snatch, push, push of two kettlebells in a long cycle, etc.).

PRESS- lifting weights (weights) from the chest up due to the strength of the muscles of the hands.

JERK OF TWO WEIGHTS- an auxiliary exercise, and in which two weights rise up on straight arms in one continuous movement.

DRIVING- lifting weights (weights); in the clean and jerk - on the chest at the beginning of the lift, in the snatch - from the platform until the legs are straightened.

SUDDENED- fast bending of the legs during the exercise, facilitating the lifting of the weight (weights).

undermining– acceleration of thrust: in the clean and jerk – when taking the kettlebell (kettlebells) on the chest, in the snatch from the level of the knees.

INCLUSION– the optimal position of the hands in the final phase of the snatch, clean and jerk, press and in the second phase of the push of two kettlebells in a long cycle. Provided by good flexibility and mobility in the elbow and shoulder joints.

DOGIM– inclusion of one or two hands after a short stop in the final phase of the snatch, clean and jerk and in the second phase of the push of two kettlebells in a long cycle.

STOP- short-term cessation of the exercise.

TOUCH- runtime error classic exercises kettlebell biathlon and clean and jerk of two kettlebells in a long cycle.

PROJECT THROTTLE- a sharp rise of the kettlebell up with a straight arm in one continuous movement.

TOSS- lifting the kettlebell with a swing, go with a jerk, followed by releasing and re-capturing.

WEIGHT (WEIGHT) ON CHEST- the kettlebell (weights) is located on the forearm and shoulder, the arm (arms) is pressed to the body.

INCLINE- flexion of the body forward or to the side.

REJECT- back bending of the body.

GENERAL DEVELOPMENT EXERCISES- exercises designed to educate certain physical qualities.

BRING-UP EXERCISES- separate parts of classical exercises or specially selected exercises, similar in structure of movements to those studied, used in teaching technique.

SPECIAL EXERCISES OR PARTS OF EXERCISES, similar in structure to those being studied, performed during training or correcting errors in technology.

COMPETITION WEIGHT- a standard kettlebell, the weight of which is determined by the regulation on competitions (16, 24, 32 kg).

LIGHT WEIGHT- a kettlebell that is lighter than a competitive one - more than 4 kg.

LIGHTWEIGHT WEIGHT- kettlebell, the weight of which is less than the competition (no more than 4 kg).

WEIGHTED WEIGHT- kettlebell, the weight of which is more than the competition

The weight is one of the oldest sports equipment, the history of which can be traced from the Olympic Games of antiquity to the present day. A retrospective analysis of literary and museum archive materials shows that weights (devices made in the form of a massive body with a handle in the form of a closed arc) as a means for developing physical qualities were known many centuries ago. Stone weights were used to develop strength qualities by the Olympians of Ancient Greece. This can be confirmed by the 134 kg stone stored in the Athens Olympic Museum, the shape of which resembles a weight. An inscription has been preserved on the stone, saying that a certain Bibon raised it above his head with one hand.

Exercises with heavy objects were considered in ancient Greece to be the so-called "natural movements" like running, jumping, throwing, etc. .

In the early Middle Ages, stone weights, according to appearance practically no different from modern ones, were used to develop physical qualities among the Turkic and Slavic peoples. Scientists have established that the word "weight" appeared in the vocabulary of the Russian, Ukrainian and Bulgarian languages at the end of the 17th - beginning of the 18th century and, apparently, is of Persian origin ("geranium"; "geran" - heaviness, heavy). The interpretation of the word "weight", borrowed from the Persian language, has been mentioned in Russian dictionaries since 1704.

In the 19th century, weights were used to develop and demonstrate physical qualities both in pre-revolutionary Russia and in a number of Western European countries.

The first methodical work in which kettlebells were mentioned, apparently, is D. Sinclair's book "Athletic Exercises", published in 1806. It described the lifestyle of athletes, set out various methodological provisions (for example, about two-time training with external weights, reminiscent of modern kettlebells).

A large role in the popularization of strength exercises was played by traveling circus tents. Athletes entered the arena, striking people with their extraordinary strength. The program of their performances included complex strength exercises, juggling weights and cores .

GS as a kind of weightlifting appeared in Russia at the end of the last century. On August 10, 1885, it was decided to create the first athletics club in St. Petersburg.

Historical facts testify to the great popularity of kettlebells among the leading athletes of the late 19th - early 20th centuries. S. Eliseev and “King of Kettlebells” P. Krylov performed exercises with kettlebells that were unique to this day (including juggling with kettlebells). Their achievements include holding a kettlebell weighing 61 kg on a straight arm, squeezing out a two-pound kettlebell 86 times with the left hand, juggling three two-pound kettlebells at the same time. Kettlebells were used in their training systems by E. Sandov, G. Lurich, G. Gakkenshmidt, I. Poddubny, I. Zaikin, A. Aberg, N. Zherebtsov and many other outstanding athletes.

SZHG as a type of physical culture and sports activity, definitely, has one of the sources of its occurrence exercises of the GS, the other - circus power juggling (kraft juggling). According to our assumption, the third component, which made it possible for the formation of FGM, is rhythmoplastic art (especially pronounced in FGM in women) (Section 1.2).

Until the 40s of the last century, the HS in its modern sense did not exist. In labor collectives of agricultural and industrial enterprises, in the navy, in the army, competitions of strongmen were held, the participants of which exercised with weights. Classes in these groups developed strength and endurance, gave young people a basic sports training. Most of the famous weightlifters of that time sports way started with GS.

In 1948, taking into account the interest in kettlebell exercises, an all-Union competition of strongmen was held in Moscow, in which the winners of republican competitions took part. Competitions were held in four weight categories: 60, 70, 80 and over 80 kg. Competitors performed kettlebell snatch with one hand and clean and jerk of two kettlebells from the chest; at the same time, it was allowed to squeeze them out, “shvung” and push them. In addition, athletes competed in exercises with a barbell: bench press and clean and jerk with two hands.

Many talented athletes have gone through the kettlebell to the barbell. Domestic weightlifting was marked by success in the international arena. In this sport, a system of training and competition was debugged, it entered the Unified All-Union Sports Classification. A weightlifter could become a master of sports of the USSR, which attracted young people. However, nothing of the kind was observed in the GS.

In the 50s, kettlebell exercises continued to be popular with rural youth, soldiers of the Soviet Army and Navy. Competitions were held in the form of competitions of strongmen, where there were neither rules nor classification standards. Thus, interest in this truly popular sport has never waned.

The 60s were the years of the HS renaissance. In Russia, Ukraine, Lithuania, competitions began to be held with the presentation of prizes and medals, which took place with a large gathering of spectators. In some republics, classification standards were developed, including masters of sports. Classification standards for the HS were developed for the Armed Forces of the USSR.

In the early 80s, the competitions "Bogatyrs of Russia", held at the end of the agricultural year, were widespread. The winners and prize-winners were awarded with gold, silver and bronze tokens, and the teams of the winning regions were given challenge prizes. By this time, the creation of the first collectives of the SZhG on the basis of sports clubs and universities.

All-Union recognition of the HS occurred in 1985 with the holding of the first USSR championship and the creation of the All-Union (later All-Russian) Federation of the HS (VFGS). In the same year, the GS became independent national view sports with classification standards up to the master of sports of the USSR inclusive.

The first Championship of Russia in FGM, in which athletes from 12 regions participated, was held in Angarsk in 1992. At the same time, most of its participants also competed in the parallel Russian Championship in kettlebell biathlon.

Since 1992, have been officially established discharge standards on SZhG, including the standard of the master of sports of Russia. The largest kettlebell lifting competitions began to include, in addition to classic types, SZHG. The international status of the HS was received in 1993 with the creation International Federation kettlebell lifting (IFGS), which included more than 10 countries.

Unfortunately, at present, there are significant difficulties in the development of the domestic HS. Since 2004, the FSG standards have been removed from the Unified All-Russian Sports Classification. In the same year, the VFGS, due to a conflict of leadership, was withdrawn from the MFGS. To obtain the opportunity for the performance of domestic athletes in the international arena, a

International Kettlebell Sports Union. This organization turned out to be unviable, and it was replaced by the International Kettlebell Lifting Confederation headquartered in Arkhangelsk, which in 2015 unites athletes from 58 countries of the world. However, until now, Russian kettlebell lifters (the strongest in the world) do not have access to international competitions under the auspices of the IFGS. The Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation has been looking for alternative solutions to this issue since 2011.

Thus, the formation and development of kettlebell lifting was the basic basis for the emergence of FGS. It is an organic part of kettlebell lifting and first appeared as a type of kettlebell exercise used in the training practice of weightlifters and kettlebell lifters, and then as a kettlebell sport proper. The largest FGM competitions are held in conjunction with competitions of the same rank in kettlebell lifting and long cycle clean and jerk.

Weight- a specially made object of a given mass, which has a special shape and other design features.

Weights are divided into measuring, watch and sports. The former have a very high manufacturing accuracy and are designed for weighing various bodies. Measuring weights differ in weight, accuracy class and scope (laboratory, commercial, etc.). Watch weights ranging from a few hundred grams to many poods were used as the driving force behind the clock mechanism.

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The history of the kettlebell as a sports equipment

Analyzing various literary and museum materials, it is difficult to say with great accuracy when and where exactly the first weights appeared. At this point in time, we can only say for sure that kettlebells are one of the oldest weights for strength training created several thousand years ago. The first mention of weights refers to ancient greece, where shells carved from stone, vaguely resembling weights in shape, were used to train the strength of the first Olympians. In a later period of time, stone weights, in shape very similar to modern weights, were used for training by the Turkic and Slavic peoples. The next stage in the development of kettlebell lifting is associated with the development of trade and the appearance of metal weight weights with a standard weight, on the basis of which modern sports kettlebells were created. The interpretation of the term "weight" appeared in Russian dictionaries from the beginning of the 17th century and, according to some experts, came from the Persian word "geran" - weight.

Kettlebell lifting day was marked on August 10, 1885. It was on this day that the first "Amateur Athletics Club" was created. Until this day, weight training was more of an entertainment nature and was carried out at fairs and entertainment events.

Modern sports kettlebells

There are two types of sports weights: solid cast and collapsible. Solid weights come in weights of 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 48, 56, 68, 80, 92 kg. IN

Weight

Sports kettlebell

Weight- a specially made object of a given mass, which has a special shape and other design features.

Weights are divided into measuring, watch and sports. The former have a very high manufacturing accuracy and are designed for weighing various bodies. Measuring weights differ in weight, accuracy class and scope (laboratory, commercial, etc.). Watch weights from a few hundred grams to many pounds were used as the driving force of the clock mechanism.

Story

Some believe that weights have their original origin from ancient Greece, it was there - on the famous Olympic Games- heavy objects were used, resembling a kettlebell in their rounded shapes.

Weights, which have retained their shape to this day, appeared in the 18th century in a completely unexpected way. Russian gunners constantly, with great effort, manually put the cannonballs into the muzzles of the cannons. It took preparation. A simple but excellent idea was proposed: to attach a handle to the core and thereby train the muscles of the hands. The results were stunning, the speed of loading the cannonball into the cannon increased several times.

Sports kettlebells

16 kg kettlebell

Kettlebells weighing 24 and 32 kilograms

Sports kettlebells are designed to develop the muscular strength of athletes, strengthen joints and, as a rule, have a spherical shape with a special handle for gripping the kettlebell by hand, or special gripping holes, hooks and other elements for using sports kettlebells as part of the design of simulators. There are two types of sports weights: solid cast and collapsible. Solid weights come in weights of 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 48, 56 kg. A weight weighing 16 kg is called a pood (1 pood ≈ 16 kg). In kettlebell lifting, competitions are held using kettlebells weighing 16, 24 and 32 kg. According to the rules of the IUCL, MFGS, VFGS sports competitive kettlebells must have the following parameters:

Notes

The kettlebell was used even earlier in ports as a means of measurement, later port loaders began to use kettlebells for sports in their spare time.

Kettlebell lifting - what is it?

Kettlebell sport belongs to the cyclic, the essence of which is lifting the kettlebell as much as possible large quantity times in a given period of time. There are different disciplines for the male and female categories:

The male has 2 disciplines: classic biathlon and long cycle clean and jerk. Biathlon includes exercises to push two kettlebells with both hands from the chest and sharply lift the kettlebells with one hand. A push in a long cycle involves throwing a projectile onto the chest.
For women - 1 discipline: kettlebell jerk.

In the past, competitions in lifting weights were only the lot of men, the ancient Greeks were the first to declare this sport. In our country, exercises with heavy products began to be introduced from the 19th century, the doctor Vladislav Kraevsky was the first to bring this novelty to St. Petersburg. He also organized an athletics circle in 1885 to promote healthy lifestyle life, and very quickly found supporters.

Kettlebell lifting - benefit or harm

The experience of athletes and the statements of doctors prove that working with kettlebells not only helps, but also develops strength, endurance and good coordination of movements, but it is unofficially considered that this is the most traumatic kind. How useful is kettlebell lifting?

helps to lose weight;
is one of the safest;
very simple exercises;
minimum costs.

Harm from training with kettlebells is also not excluded, but only if the athletes start right away with lifting heavy weights. Then the negative consequences can be:

Crick;
fractures of the fingers or hands;
heart problems.

Kettlebell lifting - pluses

In order for the benefits of such activities to be greater than the harm, you need to be careful and listen to the instructions of the trainer regarding the loads. If you follow all the recommendations, kettlebell lifting is a clear benefit for the body, many athletes agree with this. The list of advantages of such activities is obvious:

can be done both in a group and individually;
no need to look for special equipment or platforms;
for each, a personal training method is selected;
You can start exercising at any age.

Kettlebell lifting - cons

Since kettlebell lifting requires a good physical training, before enrolling in the section, you must consult with your doctor. There are a number of diseases in which classes will have to be abandoned. Takes into account kettlebell lifting contraindications are:

diseases of the heart or blood vessels;
arrhythmia, tachycardia, hypertension;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
lung problems;
poor vision, astigmatism;
weak ligaments and brittle bones;
problems with the endocrine or genitourinary system;
varicose veins or hemorrhoids.

What muscles are pumped by kettlebell lifting?

Many men are interested in the question: what develops kettlebell lifting? They are mainly interested in whether there will be beautiful figure and cast muscles. It is believed that in this sport only the muscles of the hands develop, but this is not so. Shells can be used to pump up the pectoral and dorsal muscles, legs and delta. You need to do this correctly, there are several rules for pumping up muscles:

For back and upper shoulder girdle- exercises "jerk" and "push".
For chest muscles - squeeze lying horizontally or at an angle.
For the latissimus dorsi muscles - pulling up with a kettlebell.
For - squeeze over your head.
For legs - squat or walk with kettlebells on your shoulders.

You can squeeze the load above you both in turn and at the same time. The alternating approach develops strength, the simultaneous approach develops endurance. Experienced trainers advise using a snatch that is repeated many times, then there is much less risk of injury. The basics of kettlebell lifting are training in motor actions and training methods, there are several of them, the coach selects methods individually for each athlete.

Which is better - kettlebell lifting or powerlifting?

Many people think that kettlebell lifting and powerlifting are identical sports, but this is not true. Powerlifting is aimed at the strength of the athlete, because he must lift as much as possible more weight, therefore, only muscle strength is important for such exercises, and for exercises of such a sport as kettlebell lifting, due to the complex exercise technique, the following are also important:

flexibility;
speed;
coordination.

Working with a barbell puts a huge load on the spine, often athletes are injured due to lifting heavy weights. It is not uncommon for a competitor to swing at a weight that is too large for him. This does not happen with a kettlebell, because the weight of the projectile is strictly coordinated based on the load and age. Kettlebells strengthen the muscles of the whole figure, and the barbell strengthens only the arms.

Sports nutrition for kettlebell lifting

To those who chose weightlifting You need to carefully monitor your diet. Nutrition in kettlebell lifting also includes vitamin complexes that are created specifically for security officials. To increase the endurance of athletes, it was developed sports nutrition Leveton Forte, today, is one of the the best complexes. Its most important components are:

leuzea root;
ascorbic acid;
vitamin E;
bee pollen;
amino acids, beta-carotene.

A good effect is noted by weightlifters and creatine, which affects muscle contraction. Available in the form of powder, capsules and tablets, it is advised to use it both before and after training. This drug:

helps to increase muscle mass;
acts as a lactic acid blocker;
develops relief;
relieves inflammation in strained muscles.

Kettlebell lifting - interesting facts

Over the years of its existence, all sports have created collections interesting facts. Weightlifting is no exception, the following secrets of kettlebell lifting are noted:

Translated from in English, the word "weight" is translated as "teapot-bell".
The form of modern shells for weightlifters was invented in the 18th century by gunners. It was very difficult for them to put the cannonballs into the cannons, and the craftsmen decided to attach a handle to the cannonball to throw the shells into the muzzle. As a result, they began to charge several times faster.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the masters of the Titan enterprise cast an amazing gift for the anniversary of the city of Verkhneuralsk - a weight that weighed 100 pounds.

Kettlebell lifting legends

The pages of weightlifting achievements have recorded many names of athletes who have made a great contribution to the development of kettlebell lifting.

Ivan Poddubny. A famous strongman who amazed the whole world with his abilities.
Petr Krylov. Circus performer, wrestler demonstrated the best skills in working with kettlebells.
Valentin Dikul. Being paralyzed, he managed to achieve fame as a weightlifter, juggled with steel balls weighing up to 80 kilograms.
Sergei Rachinsky. Honored Master of Sports, entered the Guinness Book of Records, thanks to his unique abilities, performed a snatch of a weight that weighed 16 kilograms, more than one and a half thousand times per hour.
Evgeny Lopatin. Honored Master of Sports, the first in history who managed to push 2 kettlebells weighing 32 kilograms more than 100 times in 10 minutes.