Design and manufacture All tops can be divided by design into non-separable, usually used for fishing near the house, and folding, more convenient for transportation to the reservoir. In fig. 12 shows a classic non-separable top: conical and two-hoop. Necessary

Well construction The pump and reservoir are often under open sky. However, it is not bad to build a small building above it - a well house. This building will protect the components of the system from weather changes and its undesirable effects. Accurate dimensions and shape

Internal construction Usually, when maintaining and repairing locks, names that reflect their internal construction are more important for a locksmith. Examples include a rifling lock, a pin cylinder lock, a disc cylinder lock, a plate

Construction In fig. Figures 7.24 and 7.25 show an exploded view of the Schlage Primus cylinders. They have six pins and are precision engineered to very tight tolerances. The cylinders are machined so that a side rod and a set of five can be used.

Foundation design As already mentioned, the choice of foundation design is an extremely important issue, primarily depending on the characteristics of the soil on the site. NOTE The foundation of any structure can be arranged so that it Bottom part located below

The network most often goes along the surface, less often - halfway, even more rarely - at the bottom.
They mainly catch swimming fish, that is, moving upwards against the current at certain times of the year. Much less often, smooth nets catch sloping fish (swimming downstream after spawning).
In the northern and Siberian rivers - the Northern Dvina, Pechora, Ob, Yenisei, Lena - salmon, nelma, omul, muksun, roach, sterlet, etc. are caught with smooth nets.
For swimming, choose a place that meets the following requirements:
the float must be fish, that is, the main routes of the fish must run through it;
the section of the river should be flat, without sharp turns and bends;
the current must be parallel to the shore; undesirable for swimming are such sections of the river on which the main stream of the current is squeezed out first to one, then to the other bank;
on the bottom float, the bottom of the river should be even and clean, without holes, mounds, snags, etc.;
on the bottom, sandy or silty soil is desirable, since the nets wear out a lot with a rocky or shelly bottom.
Smooth nets are caught from boats, usually from two. The crew of each boat is two people. But there are specialists in this fishing, who manage to fish alone and from one boat, and from rather frivolous vessels: from small dugout shuttles, and even from single inflatable ones. In this case, the second end of the smooth net is tied to a pole, loaded at one end and standing vertically in the water. From above, a white buoy is tied to the pole, sometimes even painted with phosphorescent paint: fishing takes place at night, and the white buoy allows you to see the position of the tackle in the dark. Even better for this purpose is a light bulb with a battery placed in a plastic two-liter bottle.
Considering that such fishing is carried out on the northern rivers, where even stretches are replaced by seething rapids, and even waterfalls, and they are caught in the fall, in the very icy water, then we must admit that melting alone is a very extreme occupation. Moreover, if the object of catching is salmon, and if the “mother” flies into the net for one and a half pounds, then go and figure out who caught who here. But such fishing is much more active and interesting than fishing with huge salmon nets-harves, which are also very laborious during installation and hauling.
A network floating in water can occupy a different position:
the net floats on the surface of the water;
the net floats halfway, that is, under the surface;
the net is moving towards the bottom.
In the first case, the net moving in the middle of the river often overtakes the boat, since the current there is stronger than near the shore, and the middle of the net begins to protrude. To even out the net, the fishermen in the boat (or boats) paddle from time to time.
When fishing along the bottom, on the contrary, the net moves more slowly than the boats. To align the order, the movement of the boats must be slowed down, from time to time rowing the oars in the opposite direction.
When fishing with a float in half-water, the net is supported at a given depth by additional buoys attached to the net on buoy lines or buoy thins. By taking a longer or shorter length of the buoy line, you can lower the net deeper or, conversely, raise it closer to the surface, depending on the horizon on which the fish is holding. Buoys used to be so-called kukhtyls, now plastic lemonade and beer bottles are widely used.

Design
The fluent river network is a rectangular mesh with a mesh size corresponding to the size of the expected production. The length of the net in landing is from 50 m and above, the height is from 1.8 m (both sizes depend on the width of the given river and other local conditions). The net is planted on the top and bottom rebounds with a landing coefficient of 1/2. Such a dense landing increases the catchability of the net.
Planting methods are different: for example, large-mesh nets for salmon fishing are planted by passing the rebound through the mesh and tying up every fifth or sixth mesh. To increase catchability, sometimes the net is planted only on the upper, floating cord, while the net hangs freely, like a curtain on a window. Such smooth networks are called self-floating.
If the net is designed to float on the surface of the water, then the floating cord must hold the net and weights in the water. At the same time, at least a double margin of buoyancy is provided. If the net is intended for catching bottom fish and must float along the bottom, then the floating cord should only hold the net in the water, without taking into account the weight of the weight cord. The weights will force the net to sink, the bottom line will sink to the bottom, the floats will straighten the net and the net will take up its working position.
River flowing nets, as well as fixed nets, can be gill nets (single-walled), double-walled (there is no point in using three-walled nets - 95% of the fish flies into the tackle from one side) and frame nets. The row in double-walled smooth nets is made of thick threads, the size of its mesh is 3–5 times the size of the mesh of the particle.
Both screens and smooth nets are closest to fixed nets both in terms of their design and the principle of operation: the fish is either bundled in a net cloth or entangled in a net bag. But if the fixed net is designed to expand the fishing zone due to the movement of gear, then the screens, on the contrary, narrow the zone due to a sharp decrease in the size of the gear. Oddly enough, the second fishing is sometimes no less necessary than the first. Example: there is a net perpendicular to the bank of the river, but the fish gets entangled only in one of its sections, no more than a meter long - because it goes along the bank along a narrow “path”, without turning to the sides. As a result, 85% of the gear gets wet and wears out absolutely in vain.
Screens are also much cheaper and easier to manufacture and use than networks. The most primitive screen can be made even on a pond, in the field, from a piece of an old net found on the shore. Once, an asp weighing more than 4 kilograms was caught in my presence: a piece of a net one and a half meters long and the same height, without any equipment, was stretched around the corners with four fishing lines in a narrow, shallow and fast-flowing channel between reed beds, where it used to drive a trifle a large asp that did not let him in with a spinning rod or a live bait. No one seriously believed in success, but the most primitive tackle worked! The next morning, a large float tied to one of the lines (a canister of antifreeze) swayed on the water ten meters downstream, and at the bottom lay an asp, swaddled like a baby.

"TV"

I don't even know why fishing rules for many years so mercilessly pursued this tackle. It does not differ in supernatural catchability - in terms of catches, the “screenmen” have always yielded not only to the “networkers”, but also to the anglers. No particular damage to fish populations was also observed, in terms of the impact on the ecosystem of a river or lake “TV” compared to, say, a seine - like a sniper shot compared to a nuclear explosion.
However, it was forbidden. It came to a paradox: networks in the region are allowed, and "TVs" are persecuted.
Perhaps the whole point is that it is much more difficult for fish protection to detect screens placed around a pond than to hook a net with a “cat” and check for a tag on it, indicating “legality”. (Not to mention the lovers of nonsense, who are always at a glance.) But after all, you can set up a lot of vents for pike and donok for burbot, and it will not be easy to find them ... In general, a mystery.

Rice. 4."TV" (summer option for attaching fishing line): 1 - float; 2 - mesh fabric; 3 – cargo; 4 - traction; - main line.
The “TV” is arranged very simply: the same fixed net, only short, 1.5–2 m in length, and the cargo cord is replaced by a rigid long load (metal bar), and the floating cord is replaced by a rigid long float (a stick, well dried and several coats of painted waterproof paint, or plastic tubing with tightly plugged ends). There are combinations of a rigid sinker with a flexible floating cord and, conversely, a rigid float with a cargo cord.
Two rods are attached to the ends of the float, and a fishing line with a diameter of 0.7 mm, sometimes thicker, is attached to them. A small float can be attached to the fishing line, which is in working position on the surface of the water and signals that a fish is entangled in the screen.
Like fixed nets, “TVs” can be double-walled, three-walled and frame-based, but more often they still catch on the principle of a single-walled gill net.
The mesh pitch on the netting canvas can be very different, from 15 mm in designs designed for catching live bait, up to 50 mm or more in gear designed to catch large fish.
“TVs” are exposed mainly in two ways: they are lowered on a fishing line from boats, bridges, dams, or they are thrown from the shore. In the latter case, each tackle is attached to a separate six of the appropriate length, or one pole is used with a flyer at the end, which allows you to pick up a fishing line. When fishing with one “TV”, you can tie it to a spinning line or a telescopic rod with the whip removed.
"TV" is rarely used as an independent tackle, it usually performs auxiliary tasks while fishing. For example, lovers of burbot fishing on bottoms and floats very often set up a couple of fine-mesh screens so as not to be distracted by bait fishing. Float anglers also often place “TV sets” near the fishing site, insuring themselves against possible bitelessness. In addition, the “TV” allows you to diversify the possible prey - for example, when catching scavengers on a plant bait, you can set up two or three screens where a perch is splashing chasing fry, and catch several striped predators that are not interested in a plant bait by definition.
Exclusively "television" fishing, due to the very small area of ​​​​tackle, is possible only with a surge or in places with a high concentration of fish. In the first case, the catcher uses no more than 1-2 gear and sets them most often on small, but rather deep, steep-banked rivers, perpendicular to the shore. Then he “bottles” - with force he vertically lowers the end of the same six with which he set the gear into the water (a neck cut off from a plastic half-liter bottle is put on the six with an effort). Part of the fish, frightened by sharp sounds, gets entangled in the screens. This fishing is running, quite active, but big catches her lovers can rarely boast.
It may be much more effective to place screens in the path of the fish's spring run, but for this you need to know how the "fish paths" run in the reservoir, it is enough to miss a few meters, and the "TV" will remain empty.
Some anglers try to lure fish to the screens by attaching bagasse baits or capsules with aromatic oily substances to the sinker. It is difficult to assess the effectiveness of such methods, sometimes the prey pleases, sometimes not a single fish hits the screen.
Winter, ice fishing with "TVs" is possible, but is used less often than fishing with "kerchiefs", which will be described below. The fishing line in winter is attached to one end of the sinker and passed through a loop attached to the end of the float.

"Kerchief"

This gear is very similar in design and principle of operation to a “TV”, the only difference is that its mesh fabric is not rectangular or square, but triangular in shape. The float, respectively, is not a stick, but a foam cylinder.
It is easy to understand that the closer to the bottom the fish keeps, the more chances it has to get entangled in the net tapering upwards. Therefore, "kerchiefs" are more often used in winter, when all fish species huddle to the bottom.

Fishing with Pioneer nets

I'm afraid that the next generation of fishermen will not be able to determine where the name of this tackle comes from. But before those who, in their childhood, tied a scarlet rayon tie around their neck every morning, such a question does not arise - the “pioneer” is exactly the same item of clothing. In fact, this is a small "scarf" - an isosceles triangle (base 50–60 cm, height 25–30 cm, other proportions are possible), cut out of a net fabric.
However, the “pioneer” is a highly specialized tackle, fishing with it has a number of features, which is why it is worth talking about it separately.
The "pioneer" is intended only for catching large bleak. The network is used from monofilament, with a mesh size of 15–18 mm; at the top, close to the net, a large egg-shaped float made of white foam (not painted, since white color plays an important role in fishing) is placed. The sinker is made of thick aluminum wire, and its weight is not able to drown the float.
Fishing is mainly carried out from bridges, embankments, dams - in those places where large (more than 15 cm) bleak are found in sufficient quantities.
If the distance to the water allows, then the "pioneer" is attached with a thick fishing line to the pole, so that you can raise the tackle up in one motion.
If it is too high, then a hard spinning rod with a reel is used, or a telescopic rod with the upper knees removed.
The fishing technique is simple: the “pioneer” descends into the water, bleaks from all sides rush to the float to check if it can be eaten? Seeing that the float twitched, danced on the water, the catcher raises the tackle and, if he does not see the fish entangled in the cells of the net, immediately lowers it. If there is a fish, the “pioneer” is quickly lifted up, and the fisherman shakes it over the bucket with the catch or over the neck of the cage. The bleak, as they used to say in the old days, is a “running” fish, narrow, and besides, it does not have time to get confused properly - and in nine cases out of ten it is not necessary to touch it with your hands to free it from the gear.
Obviously, successful fishing is possible only where there are a lot of large bleaks and they are hungry. However, by reducing the size of the "pioneer" cells, you can catch small (7-10 cm) bleaks in the same way, but such fishing is nothing interesting. Where large bleak abounds, but for some reason is full (which happens quite rarely), sometimes pieces of cake or crackers are used as bait (tied to a float), dropping unrefined sunflower oil on them, but the results of fishing with natural bait always get smaller.
But in those places where the bleak throws itself on inedible foam plastic without any fuss, the "pioneer" impresses with its catchability. Perhaps, if we divide the weight of the fish caught per hour by the area of ​​the net fabric, then the “pioneer” leads by a wide margin among other net tools. I myself have seen how in two hours the "pioneer" caught a full 12-liter bucket of selected bleak. (In St. Petersburg there is a small community of "pioneers" who hunt on the rivers and canals of the Northern capital; the catch is mainly sold, old cat ladies willingly buy inexpensive trifles for their pets.)
But what a joy it is to raise and lower the “pioneer” with the monotony of an automatic machine? Even catching bleak on top of float rod more interesting, there at least there is a chance for a bite of a chub-face or a roach that has risen to the surface ...
However, some of the "pioneers" - those who knit their tackle themselves - sometimes make "pioneers" bigger size, and the cells of the lower rows gradually increase in size, reaching up to 30–35 mm. The point here is that perch or pike, attracted by bleak pandemonium, can also get entangled in the "pioneer" in the excitement of hunting. Occasionally this actually happens, but it is still better to catch predators with gear specially designed for them.

Catching fish with nets "Track"

This recently appeared tackle has nothing to do with lure fishing from a boat sailing under oars, a sail or a motor - a coincidence of names, nothing more. It is more correct to call it a "rubber shock absorber net", a small one - a "rubber shock absorber screen".
The general scheme of the track (see Fig. 6), and catching it is not much different from catching a bottom with a shock absorber: the angler throws a heavy load into the reservoir with a rubber thread tied to it, and then, as it shortens, he brings a small fixed net into the reservoir planted on the cargo and floating cords.
The net itself is usually not involved in casting: the fishing line and elastic are connected using two large metal carbines (like those that attach leashes to dog collars), and after casting, the carbines are disconnected and attached to the loops made at the ends of the floating cord. The weight of the carabiners is compensated by two large foam floats, they also help to ensure that the residual tension of the elastic band does not prevent the net from standing in the water in the correct rectangle.

STRETCHING AND WINDING NET TACKLES

Strainer fishing gear is designed to cover a certain water area of ​​​​a reservoir, along with the fish located there; by reducing the covered area to the minimum possible, the concentration of fish in one place occurs.
All kinds of trawls, seines of various designs - zakidnye, purse, botalnye, turbidity (set nets belong to trap tools), clockwork tools - nonsense, portage and the so-called "hens" belong to the screening ones.
Some experts refer to screening tools and small net gear used exclusively by amateurs: saki, lifts, casting nets. This, in my opinion, is not entirely true, since the coverage of any water area

We cannot talk about nets of this size, as well as about screening - lifts, saki and casting nets are more accurately called gripping tools.

Trawls and seine

Trawls

Trawls in recreational fishing are practically not used and are exclusively fishing gear. The trawl is a fishing gear in the form of a net bag of a special shape, towed in the water column or near the bottom, and screening only the fish that occurs in the path of the trawl. The tackle is notable for its fair dimensions, it requires at least a powerful boat for towing and is used in inland waters only on reservoirs and large lakes. It is impossible to reduce the trawl to a size that allows amateurs to use it - catching large fish will become impossible.
Only for catching live bait in small and heavily overgrown crucian ponds, amateurs use a miniature analogue of fishing tackle, also referred to in some places as a “trawl” - a bag of metal mesh with a wide-open entrance, tied to a strong rope. The tackle is thrown into the pond and immediately quickly pulled back, raking in small carp along with the algae.

Seine

Seines have been used for catching fish for a long time, this is one of the most catchy fishing gear for inland waters, but the use of seines by amateurs is rarely allowed and with great restrictions.
The design of seines depends on the conditions of fishing and the biology of the fish caught; in the general case, the net consists of wings, drives and bobbin.
The wings are designed to cover the water space and scare away the fish towards the drives that serve to direct the fish into the motnya (net bag for collecting the catch). The wings are the same or different in length and height, respectively, the seine is divided into equal-winged or hetero-winged and equal-walled or uneven-walled.
The meshes on the wings are usually 1.5–2 times larger than those in the rump. The net fabric is planted on rebounds, of which the upper one is equipped with floats, and the lower one with weights.
The length of seines is very different - from 50 to many hundreds of meters, even more than a kilometer, the height sometimes exceeds 10-12 m. Naturally, gear of this size is not used in recreational fishing.
The favorite tool of amateur fishermen is called by fishing science as follows: a clockwork seine net. And in common parlance - nonsense. We proceed to the description of fishing for them.

Bullshit (drag, drag)

Question: what is the difference between a nonsense and a seine and is the word "nonsense" a synonym for a small seine? Answer: structurally it is no different, the difference lies in the method of application.
The classic net is a throw-in tackle, it is swept out from a boat or boats, surrounding a certain part of the reservoir, after which the tackle is pulled onto the shore or onto the ice (during winter fishing). The nonsense is a clockwork tackle, they lead it into a reservoir and drag it onto a ford fish, without the help of boats. There is almost no winter fishing with bullshit, with the exception of non-freezing rivers, and even then in the thaw, at positive air temperatures.
The length of the rods can be very different - from 6 to 70 m, but usually does not exceed 30 m. It is difficult to drag a rod longer than 30 m in the classic way, wade, especially in deep places - the greater the depth, the more difficult it is for the angler to apply significant efforts to the gear ( the catcher's own positive buoyancy prevents good traction with the bottom). Therefore, long ravings are often used to fish for small crucian ponds (in autumn, when aquatic vegetation falls), while the fishermen go dry along the coast. This option is possible if the shores are clean enough, without submerged bushes, etc. However, anglers who want to achieve good catches when fishing with bullshit always prepare places for fishing in advance: they cut down trees that have fallen into the water, clean the bottom of snags and those thrown into the water items.
I must say that the nonsense sold in stores is almost always underloaded, and their floating cords do not have sufficient buoyancy. As a result, purchased nonsense is suitable for more or less successful fishing only in the most ideal conditions: in reservoirs without a current, with a flat solid bottom and a complete absence of snags and underwater vegetation.

Net fishing is considered not so popular among real fishermen. This type of quiet hunting can be called poaching rather than a pleasant pastime.

The main condition for the effective use of the rod is a high concentration of fish, its low mobility, as well as a flat bottom with depths not exceeding 4 m.

The dragnet catches in one sweep an area 3 times smaller than the area caught by a throw seine of the same length.

The general principle of this type of fishing is simple. Two fishermen pull the shovel in accessible places. Then they either turn towards the coast, or gradually converge. All this time next to them and on the sides are beaters at a short distance. When the barge haulers converge, the beaters close the circle, slap on the water, and drive the fish into the shanks.

Then the bottom of the network gradually rises. Here you need to watch the top cord. It should not be close to water. Fish driven into a tight circle can jump out through the top. Choosing a net, raise the throat of the motni and select the fish. If you do not violate simple rules, the size of the catch will please you.

Choosing a place to fish

When fishing on small rivers, the choice of length depends on the width of the river. Good places are river whirlpools and shallow water with rifts. If there are few fishing spots on a small river and the path to them is at a great distance, artificial backwaters and pits can be arranged on the river. A place with a flat bottom surface is selected. A small dam is being made that does not block the river, but greatly narrows the passage of water.

It is made from any improvised materials. The water level is rising. In this place, fish remain after spawning, as well as "local". It is only necessary to fish in a businesslike way, without barbarism, while simultaneously creating comfortable conditions for growth and development. You can drop trees here, make bait. And then this place will bring a stable catch.

On large and medium rivers, the length of the drag increases. Bays, channels among reeds and sedges are good places here. A weak current in floodplain places attracts fish. The technology of fishing here is already different. A short drag will bring only a trifle in the catch. For catching large fish, you should use a longer tackle.

On large lakes and rivers, fishing in this way directly depends on the length of the rod. It is better to fish in shallow places, but only before spawning and at other times when fish are brought into flocks.

Ponds, if they are small and have a clean bottom, can be fished without going into the water. Here you should look for places with streams flowing here, pits and edges between them.

Fishing methods

Before you start fishing, you should determine the tactics of dragging in a given place and the place of landfall.

What kind of tackle is a drag

Of course, the modern market offers a lot various options network canvas. At the same time, their industrial production is of very high quality.

If compared with home-made options, then the first ones will significantly surpass them in quality. There are only two main drawbacks here: a rather high price and the need to look for exactly the option that you need.

If you make the tackle yourself, then you can make exactly what suits you best. In addition, when buying, it often has to be modified in order to use it for fishing. So the decision in each case must be made taking into account the specific circumstances.

Knitting a net is a rather long process. But, at the same time, you can make exactly the tackle you wanted. Sometimes for a fisherman, not only the catch itself is exciting, but also the preparation for it. Having spent his labor, creating his own tackle, and having received a good catch, the fisherman is unlikely to regret it.

In terms of its properties and design, with some differences, it is just a net. Fishing method and various design solutions:

• the seine is thrown from a boat or vessel, the drag is stretched and pulled by people;
• differences in the depth at which fishing is carried out. You can only fish with a bullshit in a place where the fishermen pulling it will pass. Seine is used at various depths;
• the length of the log is a maximum of 50-70 meters. Although it will not be easy to drag such tackle. Its optimal length is 30 meters, for wide rivers, lakes and sea waters. And then it is more often used on ponds, for skidding along the shore. The length depends on the reservoir and the strength of the anglers.

Drawbar design

It has very few differences from the design of the seine and the netting. Wings, hook, top cord, bottom pick. Depending on the type of fish being hunted, different nets are taken with different cell sizes and thread thicknesses. A fine-mesh network is often used, with a cell larger than 25-30 mm.

The lower line is equipped with sinkers for a better fit to the bottom, floats are imposed on the upper line. They must keep the top of the tackle afloat. Their number and size are selected to fulfill this task. You should pay attention to this when buying ready-made drags in the store.

At the ends of the wings, above and below, small pieces of cords are made to secure the chalks (wooden or metal rods). They are used for skidding, pulling nonsense ashore. As a rule, the lower selection is made slightly smaller than the upper one. This allows you not to miss the fish when pulling the log ashore.

Good nonsense does not rise from the bottom, is able to withstand big weight fish, algae, other foreign objects. The floats are made of dense foam without coloring them (otherwise they are clearly visible in the water, and the fish may get scared, leave the nonsense).

By a simple improvement, the nonsense can be easily converted into a fight for catching crayfish and bottom fish. To do this, the lower selection is made of pipes, but it is better to tie a chain. For structural rigidity, the log is sheathed with a pipe around the entire perimeter. This structure can be carried by one person.

Drachka is pressed tightly to the bottom and even sinks a little into the silt. Motnya in such gear is made short. On delusions it is made long. At the very end, a load of more than 300 g is fixed. This is done to prevent the wings from being carried forward by a light winding in a strong tail current.

The entrance to the motnya should be large. Almost always it is equal to the wing span of the delirium. But here it is worth considering the depth of the reservoir. The size of the cod should be of sufficient length to prevent the possibility of the exit of the caught fish from it. To do this, a throat is made on the drags for the entry of fish.

The principle of operation is the same as on railings, vents. The wide throat gradually narrows, with its narrow end it enters the kut (the far part of the bobbin). Swimming inside, the fish can no longer get out of the cod.

What kind of fish can you catch

What does a net look like?

Bullshit is a network with a length of 2 to 70 meters, a width of 2 to 3 meters. The classic nonsense consists of a left and right wing, and in the middle it has a special “pocket” - a skein. For ease of use, long sticks are attached to the edges of the nets. They help to pull the net along the reservoir and keep the seine in an upright position.

Motnya is a bag sewn from a net to collect caught fish. The size of such a "pocket" depends on the length of the gear. Often it makes up at least a third of the entire network. But the smaller the wingspan, the larger the bobbin can be, and vice versa.

Experienced fishermen prefer to use gear specially adapted for them on familiar reservoirs. They are prepared taking into account the features of the bottom topography and the fish that the fisherman goes for.

Bullshit is a network with a length of 2 to 70 meters, a width of 2 to 3 meters. The classic nonsense consists of a left and right wing, and in the middle it has a special “pocket” - a skein. For ease of use, long sticks are attached to the edges of the nets. They help to pull the net along the reservoir and keep the seine in an upright position.

Chinese counterparts

Recently, a wide variety of cheap Chinese networks, which managed to gain particular popularity among a wide range of anglers. The country of manufacture of these gear is exclusively China. In comparison, models that are supposedly considered Finnish are not always knitted in Finland.

Due to the low cost, it is not at all a pity to dispose of or leave such tackle in the water in case of a hook. The presence of various configurations of the length and size of the cells makes it possible to use the net to cover large lakes and rivers where various fish are found. However, the quality of such products is always questionable.

A serious problem is the production of insufficiently loaded structures that are not able to occupy the desired horizon in the water column and float to the surface. The knots used are not reliable enough, which leads to their untying in the event of a hook or attack by a large fish.

Types of nonsense

There are four types of nonsense:

1. Classic bullshit. It consists of two wings of equal length and a bobbin. This type of fishing is carried out on shallow reservoirs, rivers and lakes. Two people pull the nets along the chosen place, and the third collects the catch accumulated in the motna.
2. No moth. This is a regular network, no more than 4 meters long. It is great for catching fish at a depth of no more than 50 centimeters. The method is effective in the autumn-spring period, when the fish is basking in the water heated by the sun's rays.
3. "Chicken". This is a moth without wings. Ropes are attached to the edges of the net (nags). They help keep the whole system afloat. Fishermen, passing with a net along the entire reservoir, do not pull out the catch, but, lifting the net, take out the fish that have fallen into it.
4. Wings of the network of different lengths. Such nonsense is suitable for fishing in places where it is impossible to pull a seine along both banks of the reservoir. A semicircle is created from the nets, enclosing the section of the river where fishing will be carried out.

Ways of weaving networks

To weave a network of fishing line, you need to study the step-by-step guide, and if possible, consult with an experienced colleague. Fishing line, sold in reels, is used as the main material for the upcoming work.

The smaller its diameter, the better the tackle will work, although strength suffers from this. To make the net design invisible even in clear water, it is advisable to give preference to models of lines with a dark gray or blue color.

In the process of weaving, you need to use a double rod assembly. By the way, the described method creates not only fishing tackle, but also nets for economic and domestic purposes. The size of the cells of the fishing gear is determined by the method of fishing and the amount of prey.

The procedure for weaving a net from a fishing line is divided into several stages, carried out in parts, the so-called divisions. These delhi are assembled into a large structure, which, in turn, is fixed on a thick rope or cord. To put the deli on the cord, markings are made.

With a cell size of 30 millimeters, the total length of the delhi will be 16 centimeters. As a result, the tackle will include three separate parts, and every third cell will be fixed on the cord with a distance of 16 centimeters.

Bullshit is a special design that resembles a hammock. A seine is created by a similar method, but it has an increased length.

The basting can have a circular weave and repeat the net. As for the drag, it is woven in cells from the largest to the smallest.

Initially, the net was woven by hand. It took a lot of time and required perseverance with concentration. However, with some knowledge and patience, it is quite possible to weave a network on your own at home. An avid fisherman will only enjoy making his own tackle.

First you need to acquire a tool and decide what material the network will be made of. To do this, you can use either a nylon thread or a fishing line.

The choice of a suitable thread depends on the purpose of the net (what kind of fish it will mainly catch), its parameters (length, height and mesh size) and on personal preferences.

You need to understand that a mesh made of nylon thread (“rag”) is stronger than wood, and therefore more durable. But such tackle is very confused, and the process of extracting fish from it causes a lot of trouble. The network from the forest unfolds easier, but breaks faster. A frisky, strong fish can make a hole out of it and slip out to freedom.

"Rag" is used when it is supposed to catch such breeds as silver carp, bream, large crucian carp. These representatives of the ichthyofauna can easily damage the fishing line net, but if they get caught in a kapron net, they will get entangled in it thoroughly and will not leave.

It is important to choose the correct section of the thread. Naturally, the thicker it is, the stronger the network. However, here you need to follow the rule of the golden mean. Too thick tackle is very noticeable (especially knots) and scares away fish, while too thin tackle is easily damaged and does not hold the catch.

Tools and fixtures

You will need a knitting shuttle and a template. You can make them yourself. The shuttle is made from a thin piece of aluminum or getinaks. The thickness varies within 3-5 mm. One edge of the shuttle is pointed and has a slot in the form of a rod, on which the thread will be wound. The other end looks like a bicorne that fixes the thread.

The thread is wound as follows: A loop is knitted and put on the rod at the top of the shuttle. Then the thread is pressed into tension to the lower edge, where the two-arm prevents the breakdown, and the consumables are wound, turning the shuttle in turn over the plane.

The amount of thread will depend on the length of the shuttle, the height of the rod and the depth of the two-arm. As a rule, the dimensions of the shuttle are slightly larger than the size of the knitter's wrist.

The template is usually made of plastic. It determines the size of the network cell and plays an important final role, so it must be done accurately and accurately. It is important that its edges are parallel and smooth.

A tourniquet is useful, which fixes the beginning of the network, as well as a fixed support. As a rule, this is a gas pipe or a battery. A thread is attached to it, from which the height of the net is gained, and subsequently the ready-made tackle is tied.

Knitting knot

The strongest and most immovable knot is performed as follows. A template is brought to the finished loop (the first one that is knitted by hand), and the shuttle is threaded into it.

The thread passed through the loop is attracted to the edge of the template (it must pass from above) and is fixed with the thumb. Now the shuttle can be freely moved.

A loop is formed under the thumb, which must be held until the knot is completed. Next, the shuttle is passed into the finished loop so that the thread wraps around the previous loop on both sides. Then the shuttle is passed a second time between the right edge of the loop and the thread already passed.

After double threading from top to bottom, the shuttle is passed into the loop held by thumb. The knot is tightened synchronously, i.e., the thread is pulled with the shuttle, and the pressure on the loop is simultaneously reduced with the thumb. A slight characteristic click will signal the readiness of the node.

It is quite possible to do it by hand. Of course, this will require some work, but the manufacturing process itself is not particularly difficult. The most well-known methods of carrying out such work are hand knitting or working using a special machine for this. Let's dwell on this in more detail.

Manual way

In order to make a fishing net in this way, you will need very few tools. To do this, you will need a shuttle that is easy to make yourself, a plate resembling a ruler (this tool is called a template) and a strong wire loop to which the cord is attached at the very beginning.

In the future, node by node, the entire network is gradually knitted. First, half loops of the first row are made, then, row by row and the rest.

Knitting machine

In order to somewhat reduce the knitting time, there are special machines. There are several varieties. We do not consider here industrial machines that serve to produce fishing nets. The most common type is the following type of machine.

Let's talk a little about how this device works. The whole body is made on the basis of an aluminum tube. The shuttle is also made from this material.

In its front part there is a special slot through which the thread will pass. On the shuttle there is an oblique cut located at an angle of 45 degrees.

• To fix the bobbin, a recess is provided in the back of the shuttle. It has the shape of a cone and its depth is two and a half millimeters. This hole is for fixing the bobbin.
• This part must be made of bronze, processed on a lathe according to the drawing. This part must move freely inside the shuttle.
• Aluminum is used to make the shuttle plug. A narrow hole of 2-3 mm is provided in the center of the shuttle so that the second end of the bobbin can be fixed. The cork should be inserted tightly and not move during operation.
• It will also be necessary to provide for a shuttle stroke limiter. It will need to be made of aluminum plate.

Suppose you decide to tie yourself such a tackle with your own hands. What is required for this? For this, very little is needed.

What tools will be needed

• Of course, a shuttle is needed. It looks like this.

It has just such a shape so that a cord or fishing line can be wound on it in a certain way. First, a small loop is made on the cord and hooked onto the tongue.

Then it is pulled down, passes through the recess and approaches the tongue from the back. Then covers it and goes down. After that, the lower recess passes and is again brought to the tongue from the front side, bypasses it and goes down. This pattern is repeated until the entire cord is wound.

• In addition, you need a template. By appearance it resembles an ordinary school ruler. Its width is half the cell size in the network we are creating. You can make it from plastic, wood or other similar material.
• You need a wire hook to which the cord will initially be attached at the beginning of the net knitting process. It is attached to the wall or something similar where we will work.

Weaving of fishing nets is carried out from fishing line purchased in reels. The thinner the line, the more catchy it is, but also the less durable.

So that it is not noticeable at shallow depths, it is better to use a dark gray or blue fishing line. It is necessary to weave a network of fishing line with a double rod knot.

From fishing line you can weave not only fishing tackle, but also economic for various domestic purposes. I'm catching various kinds fish are carried out on a stack with cells of various sizes.

Do-it-yourself weaving of forest nets is carried out in parts, the so-called divisions. They are collected in a direct network, fastened to a thick rope or cord.

To put on a deli, it is necessary to mark on the cord how many of them can be attached to this markup. So, if the size of each cell is 30 mm, the total length of the deli will be 16 cm.

Therefore, one network will consist of three parts, and every third cell will be attached to a cord with a gap of 16 cm.

The landing sequence will be as follows:

• The fishing line must be fixed on the shuttle.
• The end of the thread from the shuttle and the extreme mesh of the mesh is tied to the cord.
• The required number of cells is threaded into the shuttle.
• The shuttle thread is attached to the next marking applied to the cord.
• The manual procedure is repeated until the entire mesh is strung.

How to catch bullshit?

A bait is a long net, and it is best to use it in places that are known to anglers. To clear the nets of catch or debris that accumulates during fishing, a wide deserted coast is needed.

Catching with ravings is good during zhora, in warm weather in shallow water, but for this it is necessary to provide a net with a sinker (often a chain is used for this), placed in the middle under the bobbin and floats (you can also use ordinary foam).

It is better for anglers to start moving against the current, alternating between shallow water and depressions. Experienced fishermen, knowing the topography of their favorite places for fishing, try not to use several whirlpools. They are not cleaned of snags, algae and debris. In these places, the fish “rests”, the young grow, and the winter hut passes.

In this way, you can keep the same number of fish and be sure that they do not go further down the river.

In addition, they catch not only fish in rivers, but also on industrial ships. The tackle on fishing trawlers is similar to nets or hammocks. Thus, fishermen catch not only large fish, but also fry. After it is sorted and processed.

Required Tools

When creating the first gear, you must first find a special tool - a shuttle for knitting nets with your own hands. You can buy it in the market, in a fishing store, or try to make it yourself. A fishing line or thread is placed on the shuttle, and then you will need to work with it like with a regular needle.

The shuttle itself is a special tool made of solid raw materials. Its length is from 10 to 15 centimeters, and its width is two times less than the cells of the grid. One end of this "needle" has a pointed base and a small slot where you need to wind fishing line. Then it is fixed at the other end in a bicorne.

For weaving nets at home, another die tool is used. This is a special plate made of metal or wood, which has the same length as the shuttle. The product acts as a kind of template on the basis of which the cells are created.

When using the shuttle, you must follow these instructions:

1. At the first stage, you need to put a loop on the first pointed end of the shuttle.
2. Then it is pulled up a little, pressing it to the second end.
3. Then you need to make a ring through which the thread will be pulled. In this case, a loop should be formed with a diameter of 5 centimeters - thus, a knot will appear below, where the bar will be applied in the future.
4. At the next stage, the shuttle must be brought under the template, and the thread must be brought out through the ring created earlier. Then it is carefully pulled and fixed with a finger, while tying the loop with a simple knot. There are two types of knots - with single and double overlap.

As for the dimensions, namely the height and width of the created network, they are determined by the number of woven cells. After making the first row, a cord or tourniquet must be passed through the cells, which, in turn, is fixed on a pipe or any other object. After completing this fixation, you can start weaving in length.

In fact, it occurs according to the same technique as weaving in width, and the only difference is only in the way the template is applied - it is applied not to the lower, but to neighboring cells.

How to make a nonsense with your own hands

The cost of tackle today is such that for a complete outfit, a fisherman needs to pay a lot of money. But there is always a way! All equipment can be made by yourself.

How to weave a net out of rope

To tie a network of fishing line and rope, it is enough to prepare a high-quality shuttle and a bar, the width of which corresponds to the size of one cell. If we are talking about rope tackle, then the thread must be placed on the tongue of the shuttle and gradually wound around it, clinging to the tongue and lowering to the two-arm of the shuttle.

The rest of the thread is cut off, and the ends are set on fire.

The next step is to create a loop with a diameter of one meter. This loop is attached to any durable object, and then the end of the thread from the loom is hooked to it. Next, you need to substitute the bar under the thread and bring the shuttle into the loop.

After carefully pulling the thread, it is necessary to do it again Roundabout Circulation around the hand. As a result, another knot will appear that needs to be pulled towards you and firmly tied.

At the next stage, the working thread is held with a finger and thrown over the hand, while the shuttle must be brought under one extreme thread and tightened the loop again to create a double knot. After the formation of the first row, the bar can be removed from the loops.

Weaving a rope net is not difficult even for a beginner. All the same shuttle and bar are used, the width of the latter is the size of one cell.

The thread is fixed on the tongue of the shuttle, wound around it. At the same time, it is hooked onto the tongue, then lowered down, where the two-horned shuttle is located, after which it is turned and the thread is lifted up, clinging to the tongue.

The shuttle must be completely filled with winding ropes. After that, the thread is cut off, its ends are sealed with a lighter.

Then you need to make a loop with a diameter of one meter, fix it on some object, and tie the end of the thread to it from the loom. The bar is substituted under this thread, and the shuttle is wound into a meter loop.

The thread is stretched, a circular movement is made around the hand, the machine is wound up under the extreme two threads, and the resulting knot is pulled in the direction “toward itself”. A knot is tied.

All subsequent rows will be formed by capturing the free cells of the previous row.

Machine for knitting fishing nets

The total length of the log depends on the size of the fished labors. The height of the log depends on the topography of the bottom and the depth of the pond. To do this, depth measurements are made in separate sections of the pond.

By hand, even with great experience and dexterity, it takes a long time to weave a network. There is also a knitting method using special home-made equipment.

The machine for the manufacture of fishing nets is made of five parts:

1. Housing - made of aluminum tube;
2. Shuttle - has a cut at an angle of 45 0 and a hole on the side for moving the thread (a cone-shaped recess of 2.5 mm is made on the back wall, in which the bobbin is attached);
3. Bobbin - a bronze product, turned on a lathe, which moves freely in a shuttle;
4. Aluminum plug - designed to fix the end of the bobbin (inserted tightly into the hook and should not fall out during knitting);
5. Shuttle movement limiter.

Preparatory actions

Thread is wound on the bobbin and inserted into the hook. Then it is closed with a cork. The shuttle is assembled and installed with the stopper forward in the body of the machine until it stops. The gap between the limiter and the shuttle is approximately 3 mm. The thread will pass through it during knitting.

Knitting net

The size of the cell of the future network determines the shuttle on which the thread is wound. The cell includes the bottom area of ​​the machine. The thread enters under the hook and exits from above.

Pressing the thread with your finger, pull it to the template and throw it in a half ring to the left. Then a couple of cells are captured so that the thread passes from the bottom of the machine, and the knot is tightened.

The use of the machine can speed up such work. Therefore, although it will require effort to create, if you intend to repeatedly engage in netting, using such a device can increase your efficiency.

Preparation

• In order to start work, the bobbin must be carefully inserted into the hook. After that, it will need to be closed with a cork.
• After this is done, the shuttle must be inserted into the body (with the plug forward, pushed all the way).
• After that, the sharp part of the shuttle will be located at the bottom of the machine. In this case, the limiter should not reach it by 2 - 3 millimeters. Such a hole is needed for the movement of the cord in the process network manufacturing.
• The thread must pass into the slot of the shuttle and it must be tied to the net.

The process of knitting a network on the machine

• For knitting with a loom, we also need a template. First, the thread is drawn over it, then it is wrapped around from below and threaded into the previous loop.
• The thread of the cell should now go under the shuttle and come out on top of it.
• We pull the shuttle to the template, press the thread with our thumb.
• We draw a thread from the shuttle to the left in relation to ourselves and thread it, while capturing one or two threads. In this case, the loop once again passes from the bottom of the shuttle to the top.
• At the same time, the cord that passed on the left needs to be pulled slightly towards you, while passing from the bottom of the machine. Now we tighten the knot and move on to the next cell of the network.

Bullshit construction.

The drag consists of two wings, two drives and a bobbin. All parts of the log are cut out from the mesh fabric, while the mesh fabric has longitudinal edges along the length of the log.

Each part is cut out separately, taking into account the landing coefficients. For this fishing gear, the following landing coefficients are most often used: for landing horizontally in the wings and drive 0.67, in the coil 0.5, for landing vertically for all parts, the landing coefficient is 0.87.

The parts to be cut out are rectangular in shape and are obtained by cutting in a straight line. All separately cut parts are interconnected with a seam "in the scar".

At the same time, 4 cells are taken into the seam on each side. It is also necessary to ensure that the seam does not receive more tension than the mesh del, as this leads to the formation of "pockets" in the wing, which is undesirable.

How to plant a bullshit

The design and manufacture of bullshit

The design of the delirium is visible in Figure 5 (many delusional fishermen have no idea how the components of the tackle are correctly named). The net is used with a fairly fine mesh, usually 25-30 mm on the wings, 20-25 mm in the bobbin.

The floats on the upper line are larger and are imposed more often than on the fixed net; the lower selection is also made much heavier.