Mixed butterfly. Hockey. Ice Hockey Goaltending Styles Hockey Butterfly Goaltending Tips
Everyone should know this
self-respecting (and coach) young,
and seasoned hockey player:
Zone - a part of the site defined by marking lines. There is a difference between the defense zone (the zone at one's own goal), the attack zone (at the other's goal), the middle zone (the neutral zone located between the attack and defense zones of each team)
Pyatak - special face-off zones with a radius of 4.5 meters, the center of which is located 6 meters from the goal.
Mustache - zones located on the sides of nickels. Considered one of the most lethal points for a throw.
Slot - the area of the hockey rink located opposite the goal from the mustache to the blue line.
Goalkeeper (Goalkeeper) - a player whose duty is solely to protect the goal.
The gate is a rectangular structure measuring 1.83 x 1.22 meters, where the puck is directed.
The goal area is a special area located in front of the goal and painted blue. If, at the moment of scoring a goal, a player of the attacking team was intentionally in the goal area or kept his stick there, then the goal is not counted.
Goal (Goal) - hitting the puck into the goal, in which the puck completely crosses the goal line and no violation of the rules was recorded.
Double - two goals scored, by one player, in one match.
Hat-trick - three goals scored by one player in one match.
Poker - four goals scored, by one player, in one match.
Own goal - a goal scored by a player in his own goal.
Assisted pass - the transfer of the puck from one or two players of the same team, as a result of which a goal was scored. If the puck touches an opposing player, then the assist is not counted.
A point is a conditional award that is given to a player who has thrown the puck into the opponents' goal or provided an assist.
Utility indicator (Plus or minus) - a player's characteristic that displays the ratio of goals scored or conceded by the team when a particular player was on the ice. This indicator can be calculated both in a single game and in the sum of all games for the season. Does not apply to goalkeepers.
Time on ice (Ice-time) - an indicator that reflects the time spent directly on the ice by a particular hockey player.
Dry match (Shutout, "Sukhar", Game on "0") - a match recorded by the statistics of the goalkeeper, if he successfully repelled all the attacks of the opposing team throughout the game and did not miss a single puck into his own net.
Arbiter (Judge) - a participant with special skills and powers hockey game. The rights and duties of a referee are determined by the rules of the tournament. The referees are divided into referees in the field (on the ice) and referees in the team (off the ice).
Face-off - putting the puck into play, at the start of a match or after a stoppage in play. From the moment of the throw-in, the countdown of the match begins.
Offside (offside) - occurs when both skates of an attacking player cross the blue line (in the attacking zone) before the puck does. At the same time, if only the stick crossed the blue line, or the player drove over the blue line with only one skate, there is no violation and you can continue to play.
icing - throwing the puck by a player from his side of the field when the puck crosses the red line at the opponent's goal without hitting any of the players. After the icing, the puck is dropped in the zone of the icing team.
Passing through two lines is a hockey atavism, the essence of which is that you cannot pass in such a way that the puck crosses the blue and center lines. Most leagues abolished this rule about 10 years ago.
Violation - non-observance of the rules of the game of ice hockey. Punishable by various penalties in the form of removal or free throw. Penalties for various violations are prescribed in the rules of the game of hockey.
The game in the majority / minority is a numerical advantage, or vice versa, a minority, of the team, when a player of one of the teams is removed from the site for violating the rules.
Overtime - extra time allocated by the referees after graduation three periods of 20 minutes with a tie to determine the winner and continues until the first abandoned puck. The duration of overtime is determined by the rules.
Bullitt is a free throw of the puck. Shootouts are both post-match and game. Post-match may be appointed to determine the winner at the end of the main and extra playing time. A game penalty is awarded when a violation of the rules has been committed against a player who went one on one with the goalkeeper, and due to the violation was deprived of the opportunity to score a goal.
Time-out - a break in ice hockey, appointed at the request of one of the teams. Each team is allowed one 30 second time-out during regulation or extra time.
Tactical and technical elements of the game:
Attack - the team's actions aimed at throwing the puck into the opponent's goal. The attack begins when the team takes the puck, and ends with the loss of the puck, or a goal.
Defense - the team's actions aimed at protecting their gates. Defensive action begins when a team loses the puck and ends with a puck win or goal.
Throw - the general name for the action in ice hockey, the result of which is the movement of the latter in one direction or another under the influence of a blow with a stick.
Click (Slapshot) - a kind of puck throw, a feature of which is the swing of the stick and its impact on the ice in front of the puck. Due to this impact, the stick flexes slightly before impact, and the blade slides 3-5 cm on the surface of the ice before reaching the edge of the puck. Thus, the speed of the puck is higher, since the speed of the hook, the mass of the hockey player, and the elastic force of the stick act on the puck.
The wrist throw is the most common and most accurate throw in hockey. Performed inside hook due to the efforts applied by the hockey player to the stick through the wrist of the "lower" hand.
Off-hand shot - A type of shot where the puck is hit with the outside of the hook. It is considered one of the most technically difficult types of throw.
One-timer (one-touch shot) - a type of ice hockey shot in which a player hits the goal without preparation and without handling the puck in one touch on a sliding puck. The probability of throwing the puck on such a shot is very high.
The pass is an important part of the player's actions, during which the puck is transferred from the player with the puck to the partner.
Stroke is a game technique that is aimed at outplaying the enemy in a specific game situation. The stroke is provided by skating, dribbling, and deceptive actions.
Feint - the movements of a hockey player aimed at misleading the opponent and beating him in a specific game situation.
Spin-o-frame (Spinner) - a very effective, but technically difficult feint associated with a sharp 360-degree turn of the player with the puck.
Power hold (Hit) - physical actions aimed at taking the puck from the opponent.
Windmill (Hip Check) - a hit carried out by taking the enemy on the thigh.
Puck tackle - the transfer of the puck from a player of one team to a player of another. going on different ways: by taking away the puck with a stick, power moves, interceptions.
Pressing - limiting the opponent's actions by using blocks or power moves.
Technical and tactical actions - any actions of the player that affect the course of the game. For example: dribbles, passes, shots, puck tackles.
The density of the game is the number of technical and tactical actions on the court per minute.
Placement - the position of the players relative to each other within the framework of the game system.
Rollback play - passive defensive actions of the team. In a rollback game, the defending team rolls back into the defense, lightly presses the opponent, and the puck is tackled mainly in the defensive zone.
Forechecking - active defensive actions of the team. Forechecking involves an active struggle for the puck and tight pressure on the opponent in the attacking zone.
Checker is a counterattacking player. He specializes in active power struggle on the ice, stealing the puck from the opponent, forechecking, killing the minority.
Tough guy - player hockey team, whose main task is to intimidate the enemy, fisticuffs, "turning off" the most dangerous forwards of the opposing team from the game and protecting the most valuable players of their team.
Homebody - defender of the defensive plan.
Bay-Run - the tactics of the game in attack. A feature of the "hit-and-run" tactic is the forward throwing the puck into the attack zone from the middle zone, after which the attacker's partners make a sharp acceleration in order to overtake the opponent's defenders in the fight for the puck.
Save - reflected or blocked by the goalkeeper throw the puck.
Stance (Standup) - the first style of the goalkeeper in the history of the game. Based on the "vertical" overlapping of the gate - the reflection of shots directly from the rack. Allows secure coverage upper part gate.
Butterfly is a fairly new style of goalkeeper play. It is based on the "horizontal" overlapping of the gate - both goalkeeper's pads lie on the ice. Effective for closing the bottom of the gate.
Hybrid (Semi-butterfly) - a cross between the "stand" and "butterfly" styles. Based on the "diagonal" overlapping of the goal - only one foot covers the bottom corner of the goal.
Hockey slang:
Sitting on the bank - bezvylazno be in stock.
Polishing the can - it is extremely rare to go out on the ice in the fourth link. Anyone who rolled from the shift moves such a player either to the right or to the left.
Open the gate - "sit on the bank" for the goalkeeper.
Rolling on rails - playing too primitive, artless. A player who does this is called a tram.
The rails ran out - the hockey player was stopped or pressed to the board by the rivals.
Drop gloves (Give a nickel) - start a fight.
Raise on a pitchfork - hook an opponent with a club from the bottom up.
Get into the house - score a goal between the legs of the goalkeeper.
Hit the top nine - throw the puck into the top corner of the goal.
Punish the referee - allegedly accidentally push the referee or hit him with the puck.
Take away an opponent - divert the attention of the enemy.
Lace up the brains - with tricks and a stroke, make the opponent lower his head, stare at the puck, get confused.
Fill bottles - play a secondary role in the team, act as an administrator.
Watch a movie - the referee checks on the television monitor whether the puck has crossed the goal line.
Go to the buffet - lose the gate for the goalkeeper.
Drive into the stands - get carried away by the attack, run too far.
Melt ice - often fall; slide on your knees, back.
Cling to the line - fall when entering the zone.
Cleave - apply a power move, catching the enemy on the counter move.
Pass to the chopping block - pass to the point where the partner is sure to be ``split``
a shell is a shell.
sweater - he's a jersey, he's a T-shirt.
"Sweep the ice" - While defending your goal, usually in the minority, very quickly move the stick from side to side on the ice. During such movements, the blade/blade of the stick moves across the ice.
Polyana-hockey box
In one helmet - solo passage
Went to zero-one on one with the keeper
Clinging to a lane isn't always about "falling into a zone".
Pass along the board - slip along the board, bypassing the opponent due to strength and speed.
Cursors are right-handed players.
Train - leaving the puck to a partner who moves behind the back of the giver.
Carousel - numerous abandonment of the puck to partners in the opponent's zone. It is carried out during one combination. Partners move in a circle.
Launch a butterfly - make an unsuccessful, weak throw when the puck flies somersaults or jumps on ice.
To let a butterfly go - to miss a similar tumbling puck.
Parachute - throwing the puck over the opponent.
Load a nickel - constantly attack, climb on the gate, throw a lot.
Be sure to have a couple of Olympic themes, which style is better. Statistics are given, scored / missed, how the goalkeeper played, etc. As a rule, discussers have difficulty understanding the difference between standing, butterfly and combined style. At best, I understand, I can not say.
History of appearance
In gray times, it was generally forbidden for goalkeepers to play lying down. The reason is that ice hockey comes from bandy, bandy. In general, this game has English roots. And gentlemen should not crawl on the ice on their knees.
But then the rules had to be changed. The reason is banal. The increase in the speed of the puck. Goalkeepers, by the way, who played without helmets and masks, it became more difficult to leave the gate dry.
Goalkeepers have expanded their arsenal of catching and batting techniques. Although, in the same USSR, for a long time it was considered non-kosher to play on your knees. Stand only. In Canada, goalkeepers also rarely kneeled. The main difference between "their" school and the goalkeeper school of the USSR was a more active stick game.
But, gradually, the goalkeepers still began to use their knees. The pioneer of this case was V. Tretyak (the same one). In fact, Tretiak gave birth to a certain prototype of the "butterfly". The legend played mainly using her knees.
But a certain Patrick Roy really played. Judging by the last name, the guy did not play in CSKA. Collar's career in the Earth's Major League began in 1984. In many ways, thanks to his efforts, the Montreal Canadiens won the Stanley Cup.
The modern style itself began to take shape already in the 1990s. The game on the knees was replaced by the game on the side surfaces of the pads (these are the “mattresses” that hockey goalies on foot).
Now, according to various sources, 70-80% of goalkeepers (in North America) play exactly in the style of "butterfly". In Europe, for historical reasons, a little less. Although no longer. There is also the KHL.
Stand up and stand
This is how “stand-up” is translated. The essence of the style is simple:
1. The goalkeeper plays while standing, when the threat to the goal is most likely, he crouches, the so-called. low stand. There is also high and medium. The choice of stand depends on the height of the probability of hitting the goal.
2. The goaltender moves along the line of the puck. In "standup" important point is precisely the choice of position between the gate and the thrower.
3. Active stick play is encouraged.
5. The goalkeeper is active in the goal, he is constantly moving, closing the entire vertical part of the goal behind him.
6. The goalkeeper actively plays on the exits, reducing the angle of attack on the goal.
Partially, "stand-up" can be attributed combined style. Although many refer to it closer to the "butterfly". This is the same game on the knees. The bottom line is that situationally the goalkeeper remains in the stance, or vice versa, falls to his knee, stretching his leg. Most modern "stand-up" players play in the combined style...
In modern hockey, we see a variety of goalkeeping styles. Some schools and coaches teach the "butterfly" style, and some teach the old "upright" style of play. What I want to show is an active goal-playing style that can be called "modern" or "hybrid".
What does this mean?
Goalkeepers should not play in a style where the same movement is effective in different playing situations. Butterfly is very effective when used correctly and at the right time. However, it does not save when more tactical movement is needed to maximize coverage of the playing space.
The point of this rule is to stay in the "stance" as long as possible and kneel down when the situation calls for it. This is what I call a modern, hybrid style. Remember that the goalkeeper always reacts faster to the puck from his main stance than from any other position. This is the result of practice and is most comfortable for the goalkeeper. Also, while in the main stance, the goalkeeper has the best opportunity to move in any direction required by the game situation.
Some people may have a question: “Why can’t you use the butterfly style all the time?”. The answer is simple: if the goalkeeper acts according to a pattern in various game situations, then the opponent very quickly begins to understand this and will force the goalkeeper to pay for it. Also, using this style it is very difficult to move when passing from flank to flank. Younger goalkeepers can avoid butterfly mistakes, especially with good technique, but it is much more difficult for older goalkeepers to rely solely on this style of play to speed up the game.
If the goalkeeper, reflecting the throw on his knees, beats off the puck, it will be very difficult for him to move under a possible rebound. In the case when the goalkeeper beats the puck “in the rack”, it is much easier to take a position to reflect subsequent shots.
Use the butterfly style when the direction of the throw is not known, if it is necessary to cover the largest space when playing directly at the goal, with substitutions, ricochets, etc. If you see a throw, just parry it while standing and be ready to move to parry the next throws.
I've talked quite a lot about the butterfly game here, but this rule applies to other situations where goalkeepers go down on their knees. Most often this happens with young goalkeepers who fall to their knees in any situation. This is a common mistake that can be corrected by improving basic skills and based on the principle that it is much more convenient for a goalkeeper to defend the goal while standing than when playing on his knees.
So when is it necessary to play downstairs? There are many situations where a goalkeeper should do this. For example:
Pass to the corner of the goal area
Outputs 2 in 1
Throws at once during passes from behind the gate
ricochets
When accumulated a large number players in front of the goal
substitutions
Loss of puck control
Etc.
In summary, I want to say: teach your goalkeepers to stay in the stance for as long as possible. Thus, they have the ability to move and move around. Going down on the ice restricts the goalkeeper in the game and it may happen that this will make the goalkeeper worse.
The goalkeeper is in a butterfly stance and covers the direction of the throw well. But it cannot be used for all game situations.
annotation
The article discusses the problem of improving training process hockey goalies. Experimental data are presented on the effectiveness of Scandinavian style goalkeepers, compared with the classical style, both in professional and youth hockey.
Keywords: scandinavian and classic styles, hockey goalie.
WHAT STYLE TO CHOOSE - SCANDINAVIAN OR CLASSICAL? SOME RESULTS OF RESEARCH OF GAME OF THE HOCKEY GOALKEEPER
Vadim Evgenevich Mitin,
the postgraduate student,
The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg,
Vladislav Sergeevich Volkov, the postgraduate student,
The Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health, St.-Petersburg,
Kirill Vitalevich Korenkov, the head coach,
School of goalkeepers of N.G. Puchkova, St. Petersburg
Abstract
In article, the problem of perfection of training process of hockey goalkeepers is discussed. Experimental data by efficiency of game of goalkeepers by the Scandinavian style, in comparison with classical, both in professional, and in youthful hockey are presented.
keywords: The Scandinavian and classical styles, the hockey goalkeeper.
INTRODUCTION
By studying sports activities Hockey goaltenders have been trained by specialists for a long time. The listed works provide certain information, reflecting both the state of the players at various stages of training, and recommendations for building this training in the part of the goalkeeper activity component studied by the authors. At the same time, the indicated information and recommendations are of a diverse nature, therefore, it becomes difficult to interpret and apply them directly in the educational and training process of young hockey goalkeepers. At the same time, it should be noted that in the domestic scientific and educational literature there are no data on the analysis of the performance of goalkeepers in the Scandinavian and classical style.
Therefore, the study solved two tasks: 1) to analyze the effectiveness of the game of professional goalkeepers in the Scandinavian and classical style and 2) to study the effectiveness of these styles in the game of a young hockey goalkeeper.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
To solve the first problem, we observed the games of professional goalkeepers from the NHL and KHL, as well as matches of the World Championships, the Olympic Games, the MHL and major league Russia, Elite division of Sweden and GET liagen of Norway. A total of 30 games were watched in the 2008-2009 season, 50 games in the 2009-2010 season and 40 games in the 2010-2011 season.
The analysis showed that almost all goaltenders in Europe and most goaltenders from the NHL play in the Scandinavian style. Russian leagues in this regard, they are more conservative, there are no clearly playing goalkeepers of the Scandinavian style.
The most detailed analysis of 15 NHL matches involving two goalkeepers, adherents of different styles of play - Martin Brodeur (New Jersey Devils, classic style) and Jonas Hiller (Anaheim Ducks, Scandinavian style). The New Jersey Devils and Anaheim Ducks were not chosen by chance, as they play a well-defined game without much improvisation. In such teams, a defensive line is built on the game of goalkeepers, and in most matches the final result depended on their actions. These goalkeepers were also the first numbers in their national teams on Olympic Games in Vancouver.
The evaluation was carried out according to 9 indicators: the percentage of shots on goal from the bottom, top, at an average height; the percentage of goals conceded on the bottom, top, at an average height; the percentage ratio of the reliability of the game of goalkeepers with shots from the bottom, top, at an average height.
An analysis of the results of the goalkeeper's play in the classical style shows the following: out of the total number of shots on goal, goals were scored from the bottom in 58.0% of cases, at an average height in 31.2% of cases and from the top in 10.8% of cases. The overall reliability index is 86.3%.
When the goalkeeper played in the Scandinavian style, goals were scored from the bottom in 32.0% of the cases, at an average height in 62.2% of the cases and from the top 5.8% of the time. The overall reliability coefficient of the goalkeeper's game with this style was 93.3%.
According to experts, a goalkeeper's game is considered productive if his overall reliability coefficient starts from 92.0%.
In addition to the overall reliability coefficient, we also compared the performance of goalkeepers at different throw heights.
Jonas Hiller's Scandinavian style is more productive on low shots, as he actively uses seated play and accordingly offsets the threat posed by shots sent on the ice. Martin Brodeur's classic style is less productive, as attackers, knowing the goalkeeper is playing in a high stance, shoot low or at a medium height that is uncomfortable for the goalkeeper.
It also affects the fact that after the first throw, especially when playing for finishing off, goalkeepers classical style tend to immediately stand in the "rack". In close combat, this opens up the space between the legs and under the arms. Given that in a time-limited situation, the player is trying to just get the puck into the net without aiming the shot, the goaltender who leaves the fewest gaps for the puck has the advantage. Martin Brodeur finds it hard to deal with big amount such throws, respectively, the advantage of the Scandinavian style of Jonas Hiller in this case is undeniable.
Further analysis shows that Jonas Hiller is also more effective at deflecting overhand pucks when playing in a split. It should also be noted that a large percentage of Martin Brodeur's goals were scored from long distances while touching up the puck on the patch. Most often, the puck flew into the “target” of the goalkeeper, Jonas Hiller has much fewer such pucks due to the compact game in the split. Approximately equal percentage of hit and conceded pucks was revealed when repulsing free throws, here the experienced Canadian did not let himself be replayed. Thus, we can conclude that: a) almost all goalkeepers in Europe and most goalkeepers from the NHL play in the Scandinavian style. Russian leagues are more conservative in this regard, there are no Scandinavian-style goalkeepers who clearly play; b) a Scandinavian-style goalkeeper is more economical in his movements, his game is more effective when throwing the puck on goal at any height. The Scandinavian style requires goalkeepers to be more mobile in the game. Practically, there is no play on the goal line, which is typical for the classical style.
The second task of studying the effectiveness of the Scandinavian and classical styles in the game of a young hockey goalkeeper was implemented on the basis of test game tasks: medium distance; attack from behind the gate; attack 2x0; game on the patch. During each task, the goalkeeper performed 10 game segments.
The study was conducted in the 2008-2009 season on the basis of the School of Goalkeepers. N. G. Puchkova (St. Petersburg) with the participation of goalkeepers born in 1992-1994 in the amount of 20 people. The experimental group (EG, 10 people) mastered the technique of playing in the Scandinavian style, the control group (CG, 10 people) - in the classical style. Student's t-test was used to compare the results.
Goalkeepers in the control group during the study trained in their teams. The goalkeepers of the experimental group were trained by the coaches of the Goalkeepers' School. N. G. Puchkova three times a week.
It should also be noted that observations of the technical and tactical actions of the goalkeepers of both groups during competitive games showed that they were approximately the same and came down to one goal - hitting the puck at any cost. Young goalkeepers did not calculate their position at the goal, mistakenly determined the position of the attacker and the degree of threat to the goal in different game moments. The abundance of unnecessary movements affected physical condition, which quickly deteriorated and led to even more flaws in the game. At the same time, a small amount of skating was observed, and the goalkeeper often fell on his stomach, on his side and on his back. Such actions were manifested just because of the uncertain game in the stance before the throw. Goalkeepers also did not know how to wait for moments, they were often the first to throw themselves at the puck, which gave an advantage to field players, which was converted into goals.
The results of the study are presented in the table.
Test results when performing game tasks
| Tests | Before experiment | After the experiment | ||
| CG (n=10) | EG (n=10) | CG (n=10) | EG (n=10) | |
| Shooting from medium distance | 2.5±0.32 | 2.6±0.42 | 1.4±0.12 | 0.7±0.12 |
| t=0.36; p>0.05 | t=4.11; R<0,01 | |||
| Attack from behind the gate | 3.6±0.32 | 3.5±0.32 | 2.7±0.32 | 1.7±0.22 |
| t=0; p>0.05 | t=2.56; R< 0,05 | |||
| Attack 2x0 | 4.7±0.11 | 4.8±0.32 | 4.3±0.32 | 3.4±0.22 |
| t=0.3; p>0.05 | t=4.50; R<0,01 | |||
| Game on the "patch" | 5.6±0.43 | 5.6±0.43 | 4.0±0.21 | 2.8±0.21 |
| t=0; p>0.05 | t=4.00; R< ,01 | |||
Analysis of the data before the start of the experiment allows us to say that the goalkeepers of both groups are practically the same in terms of their technical and tactical readiness, no significant differences in indicators were found. They also have a noticeable tendency of low results in game tasks 3 (attack 2x0) and 4 (game on the “patch”). In our opinion, this is due to the complexity of the game moment when performing these tasks and the weak formation of the skill of technical and tactical actions.
After a year of training in the Scandinavian system, the goalkeepers of the experimental group felt much more confident when performing all game tasks, especially when playing 2x0 and playing on the patch, i.e. when finishing off the puck at the gate. The game "sitting" helps this group of goalkeepers to fight more actively with the attacker on the "patch". A well-executed split forces attackers to shoot into the top corners of the net, which also reduces the opposition's confidence and chances of scoring the puck.
When throwing from an average distance (middle of the zone), the percentage of marriage among the "classics" is much higher, while there are many bounces in front of you and not far to the side. This created problems for classic-style goaltenders, where rebounds almost always ended with the attacker finishing the puck in the net.
Goalkeepers playing in the Scandinavian style were more confident in completing game tasks and more clearly focused on most shots, which did not give the attackers a chance to finish the moment with the puck shot on goal. Thus, the experimental data obtained allow us to speak about the advantage of young goalkeepers playing in the Scandinavian style, compared to the classical one.
CONCLUSION
The data obtained allow us to speak about the advantage of goalkeepers playing in the Scandinavian style, compared to the classical one, both in professional and youth hockey. This fact indicates that the problem of developing models of additional specialized training sessions with young goalkeepers in hockey in the general system many years of preparation hockey players highly qualified is an actual direction and is of great scientific and practical interest.
LITERATURE
- Gorsky, L. The game of a hockey goalkeeper: per. from Slovak / L. Gorsky. - M.: Physical culture and sport, 1974. - 215 p.
- Krutskikh, V.V. Structure competitive activity hockey goalkeeper as a basis for modeling the process of his training // Collection of scientific works of young scientists and students / Ros. state acad. physical culture. - M., 2000. - S. 19-25.
- Krutskikh, V.V. Peculiarities physical training hockey goalkeepers 1516 years at the stages of the preparatory period: dis. ... cand. ped. Sciences / Krutskikh V.V. -M., 2002. - 157 p.
- Nikonov, Yu. V. Characteristics of the competitive activity of goalkeepers at the XVIII Winter Olympic Games in Nagano // Uchenye zapiski: sb. scientific tr. Issue. 2. - Minsk, 1998. - S. 134-141.
- Nikonov, Yu.V. Game and preparation of a hockey goalkeeper / Yu.V. Nikonov. - Minsk: Polymya, 1999. - 271 p.
- Tretyak, V.A. Tips for a young goalkeeper: book. for students / V.A. Tretyak. - 2nd ed. - M.: Enlightenment, 1989. - 94 p.
