Mkm Yaroslavl characteristics. Motor boat MKM: technical characteristics, description, repair. Dural boats. Seaworthiness of the boat

Motor boats are the most common means of transportation in small water bodies, as well as in coastal areas of the seas and oceans. The convenience of this type of transport lies in the fact that the vehicle itself is relatively inexpensive, and, moreover, does not require large expenditures on fuel or components. The boat can freely deliver several people to the right place in the shortest possible time, and even a child can master its management. Most often, such vehicles are used for boat trips, patrolling the territory, as well as for fishing.

The boat "MKM" is one of the most prominent representatives of this category of transport. The thing is that it successfully combines several very valuable technical qualities that are in demand among domestic customers. It is worth noting that today on the market you can find a large number of defective or counterfeit products. So it’s worth buying only those boats that have been certified, and even better, contact the branded distributors of these products.

Technical characteristics of the boat "MKM"

In short, all the data about this vehicle can be presented in the following form:

the greatest length is 410 centimeters;
maximum width - 152 centimeters;
side height in the almond - 57 centimeters;
the deadrise angle of the bottom in the transom is 2 degrees;
estimated weight together with equipment and supplies - 150 kilograms;
load capacity - 400 kilograms;
passenger capacity - 4 people;
maximum power of the installed motor - 25 Horse power;
maximum speed with the most powerful engine and full load - 32 kilometers per hour.

Useful improvements boat "MKM"

General description of the boat

This model of motor boats began to be produced in the sixties of the last century. As a basis for it, an older sample was taken - the MK29 motor boat.

By the way, MKM inherited a large number of details and features from this model. Particularly the outlines. The main reason for the creation of such boats was the moral and physical obsolescence of the Kazanka boat models, which could only work with motors with a power not exceeding 12 horsepower.

Nevertheless, the arrangement of the MKM for a more powerful engine created its own difficulties. In particular, there was a problem of movement on an undulating water surface. This boat can only be used in almost complete calm, as oncoming waves hitting the bow with force will splash almost everything inside, and, in particular, the cockpit. Of course, passengers will also be far from being in the most comfortable conditions.

Boat hull MKM

The hull of the boat is entirely made of duralumin alloy, and has a thickness not exceeding one millimeter. The design itself, as was customary in those years when it was only being developed, was made by means of rivets. Among the characteristics of the MKM boat, one cannot fail to note the bottom, which was characterized by a flat deadrise with a corresponding indicator not exceeding two degrees. Of course, this has a very negative effect on the stability of the swimming facility.

A significant drawback of the boat are also extremely low cheekbones. They provide little to no splash protection, which is why many owners try to fix this problem on their own. Additional intakes are installed near the sides, which act as spray deflectors.

However, it is worth noting the undeniable advantage of the boats of this model. They have incredible stability when stationary, which is very an important factor user comfort during operation.

The fact that the sides converge in the stern from above contributes to this in the best possible way. In addition, the blocks providing buoyancy are located in two places of the MKM boat.

Seaworthiness of the boat "MKM"

The use of the motor boat "MKM" is significantly limited by the height of the wave on the water surface. If this indicator exceeds 30 centimeters, this means that operation is not recommended, as this may be unsafe. Of course, this narrows the range of cases and situations when you can go to sea on this boat, or swim on a wide river or a large lake.

In addition, if the required amount of horsepower is even slightly exceeded, the boat may begin to behave completely inappropriately, and at the same time all safety indicators will significantly decrease. That is why the main area of operation of this kind of equipment is short-term walks along the coastal zone and small reservoirs, as well as parking fishing in these smallest reservoirs. In addition, she showed herself well on small rivers.

Basic data of the motorboat "MKM"
Maximum length, m	4,10
Maximum width, m	1,52
Depth amidships, m	0,57
Bottom deadrise angle on transom	2°
Weight with equipment and supplies, kg	150
Load capacity, kg	400
Passenger capacity, pers.	4
Permissible power of PM, l. With.	25
Speed under the motor 25 l. With. With full load, km/h	32

Issue of duralumin motorboats "MKM", designed by the Yaroslavl shipbuilding plant, was launched in 1968 at several shipyards. Due to the higher stability, hull strength and freeboard height, this boat was supposed to replace the Kazanka-type motorboat, which turned out to be insufficiently safe when installing outboard motors with a power of over 12 hp. With. At the same time, the design of the hull and equipment of the boat were made similar to the Kazanka, the only standard industrial light alloy motorboat produced in the USSR at that time. The prototype for the theoretical drawing was the MK-29 motorboat, which has flat-keeled bottom contours with low deadrise and a small blockage of the sides inward at the transom.

The general location of the motorboat "MKM"

The body is of riveted construction made of duralumin D16AT, the details of the set are stamped of aluminum-magnesium alloy AMg5M and duralumin profiles. The thickness of the bottom and deck plating is 1 mm. The recruitment system is mixed with six frames and longitudinal stringers along the bottom. The forepeak and engine compartment are separated from the cockpit by watertight bulkheads. When parked, an outboard motor can be stowed in the engine compartment and the compartment is closed at the top with metal covers. A 168-litre forepeak, together with a 90-litre sealed box under the stern can, provides.

The boat is equipped with three transverse banks, a windshield, wooden slats. Two bow seats are equipped with reclining backrests. Below deck, in the bow, there is a small trunk with a lockable lid in the bulkhead. The operation of the boat is allowed at a wave height of up to 0.25 m and a distance from the coast of up to 1000 m. When sailing in waves, the boat is heavily splashed due to the low deadrise of the bottom, the low location of the cheekbone in the bow and the absence of cheekbone splash guards. Due to the existing bend of the bottom down at the transom, the MKM burrows into the wave and tends to capsize over the cheekbone. To eliminate these shortcomings, the consultants of the magazine "Boats and Yachts" recommended the installation of bilge splash guards and a transverse redan. The plant made attempts to organize the production of cuttings for the MKM motor boat, but things did not go further than prototypes. The boat "MKM" can be recommended for fishing with motors such as "Moscow" and "Veterok" and for walks with more powerful motors.

In general, the MKM boat turned out to be unsuccessful. Its seaworthiness and operational safety are no better than those of the Kazanka. In addition, "MKM" does not have any "zest", that is, some positive qualities that would allow, under certain operating conditions, to give preference to "MKM" over other boats.

The MKM boat began to be produced in 1968, with the aim of replacing the legendary Kazanka, which was considered insufficiently safe at high speeds.

The technical characteristics of the MKM boat largely repeated the characteristics of its predecessor, however, the new model had higher stability, improved hull strength and a high side.

Thanks to this, MKM with a 9.9 hp engine. showed itself at high speeds much more confidently than Kazanka.

Specifications:

The main part of the hull consists of a riveted duralumin base, the thickness of the sheathing material is 1mm.

The model is equipped with three transverse beams, protective glass.

2 seats located on the bow, complemented by folding backrests. The bow has a lockable trunk. Approximately at the middle of the length of the MKM there are oarlocks to insert the oars.

The use of MKM is possible with a maximum wave height of up to 0.25 meters and a distance from the coast of no more than 1 kilometer.

This motorboat is ideal for fishermen, hunters and lovers of water recreation. When temporarily parked, the outboard can be stowed in a storage compartment and tightly closed with a lid.

The boat is quite maneuverable, easy to manage and easily passes the allowable wave. And the size of the MKM boat allows you to transport it without any problems.

Video and photo of the boat MKM

With the advent of 20-horsepower outboard motors in our country, the question arose of the need to replace the then almost only Kazanka motor boat: it was still produced in large series, but it was no longer suitable for operation with such motors. As a replacement, shipbuilders offered a metal version of the previously popular MK-29 plywood motorboat designed by E. E. Kloss. The theoretical drawing was completely borrowed from this project, the hull design was copied from the Kazanka - and this is how the wider and high-sided (it would seem - and more seaworthy!) MKM appeared, for the construction of which in 1967-1969. seven factories took over at once!

Soon, after the modernization and the corresponding increase in the price of the Kazanka with boules - the MD model was already sold at a price of 400 rubles, the MKM became the cheapest motorboat: the retail price of most of the boats was 370 rubles. (Note that some builders not adapted to the large-scale production of boats were forced to sell the MKM at a higher price - up to 450 rubles; while the expensive boat did not differ more high quality manufacturing, nor any additions to the equipment.)

What can be said about the contours of the "MKM"? Its theoretical drawing () was developed almost 20 years ago with the expectation of operating mainly with the 10-strong Moscow, under which the MK-29, which had a light, 70-kilogram hull, developed top speed up to 30 km/h. With a load of 3-4 people, the boat was in transition to planing mode, therefore, in order to improve its hydrodynamic qualities, it was necessary to increase the width of the bottom and limit the deadrise angle to a minimum value (at the transom - 4 °). The bending of the bottom down at the transom also contributed to the entry into gliding and the reduction of the running trim. Due to this bend, the value of which is the same on the "MK-29" and "MKM" and is 8 mm, the aft section of the bottom is located at a greater angle of attack to the oncoming water flow than the middle of the hull; a significant lifting force is created here, which raises the stern and “puts” the bow of the boat on the water.

But what was good for the 10-strong Moskva turned out to be significant drawbacks when twice as powerful as the Whirlwind and Mskva-25 were installed on the same boat. It is well known that a boat with a wide and flat bottom is planing at a minimum angle of attack, and the effect of the bottom bend also acts on the MKM. Therefore, when meeting even with a small wave, clouds of spray break out from under the low-lowered cheekbone of this boat and fall on the heads of the passengers and the driver of the boat. Attempts to raise the bow - to increase the running trim to the stern, giving the boat a stern load, do not give an effect. It is not uncommon to see how the MKM is driven by sitting on the very transom and lowering their legs into the engine compartment. And the reader of the Petrushko collection from the city of Novochebok-sarsk tried to improve the seaworthiness of the boat by loading the engine compartment to the top with wet sand; against the wave, the boat, indeed, went better, but its speed fell by almost half.

V.V. Borodenko from Saratov made a remote bracket behind the transom of his MKM, on which he hung two Neptunes, installed longitudinal steps and cheekbone splash guards, moved the boat control post to the stern and placed 4 canisters of fuel here. And all this taken together could not “tear off the bow” of the boat from the water, significantly improve its driving performance on the wave.

It goes without saying that attempts to equip the MKM with a remote control with a steering wheel in the bow of the cockpit - near the windshield, further exacerbated the existing drawback. The boat not only did not float on the oncoming wave, but crashed into it, losing its course. It is not surprising that, despite the large width and significant stability of the MKM, from time to time there are cases of capsizing of boats of this type: after all, it is enough to make a sharp movement with the tiller on a passing or side wave ...

Needless to say about strong blows that a flat-bottomed boat gets when going against a wave, about an uncomfortable engine compartment, a lack of an awning and a fragile windshield, about a hopelessly outdated design. It is very good that by now the production of MKM has been discontinued at five plants, but two enterprises continue to produce this far from perfect model this year.

Well, what to do with tens of thousands of "MKM", which are already in personal use?

If we leave aside the irreparable shortcomings inherent in the MKM, like any boat with a flat bottom of low deadrise, then we can say that the “root of evil” is the bend of the bottom at the transom. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary either to get rid of this limb, or to neutralize its effect.

To eliminate the bending of the bottom, it is necessary to expand the rivet seams that fasten the bottom and side skin along the cheekbone, as well as to the bottom stringers and keel, starting from the transom to the second frame from the stern. The lower edge of the transom, together with the bent flange, should be cut off by 8 mm, and the edge of the engine compartment bulkhead by 3 mm. Accordingly, it is necessary to cut the edge of the side sheets adjacent to the cheekbone, then upset the bottom stringers flush with the new surface of the bottom, and rivet the knit at the transom.

Having assembled the set on temporary M4 bolts, press the skin sheets against it and check the contours of the bottom. To do this, attach a rail 1.5-2 m long with a verified straight edge or a steel ruler to the bottom. Over the entire surface, 1.5 m from the transom, the rail or ruler should fit snugly against the skin. Now you can adjust the cheekbones and the keel profile, drill all the rivet holes to d = 4.2 mm, put a sealing tape and rivet the seams again, but with rivets of a larger diameter.

This work takes a lot of time, but judging by the fact that many amateurs even manage to lengthen their duralumin boats on their own, which is much more difficult, it can well be done at home. You can read about how to properly rivet and paint an duralumin boat in the book “300 Tips on Boats, Boats and Motors” (“Shipbuilding”, 1975).

The second way to increase the running trim of the boat is to install a transverse step or bow hydrofoil.

The dimensions and installation diagram of the transverse redan are indicated on the sketch. Redan can be made from a sheet of duralumin or other aluminum alloy with a thickness of 1-1.5 mm. Having cut out both halves of the redan, give it a slight concavity by knocking out a sheet with a wooden mallet in the sand or “rolling” around the pipe. The nose edge of the sheet must be sharpened until the edge fits snugly against the skin. Planks supporting the stern edge of the redan and connecting both parts of it on the keel can be made of hard wood, textolite or light alloy.

Before installation, redan sheets must be carefully primed with inside and paint - the space between the skin of the boat and the redan freely communicates with the sea water. Mounting screws must be galvanized steel or stainless steel; the use of non-ferrous metal fasteners will cause corrosion of the sheets. It is recommended to strengthen the fastening of the bow edge to the bottom by gluing with epoxy glue.

A similar redan can be made solid - from foam or wood, glued to the sheathing metal cleaned to a shine with epoxy glue. Outside, such a redan after processing must be pasted over with a couple of layers of fiberglass.

The arrow-shaped redan should take about 90% of the total weight of the boat on the move; this must be taken into account when loading it. The redan position shown in the sketch is designed to accommodate the driver in front of the cockpit.

It should be noted that the above recommendations were not tested on the MKM boat, but they were well tested and gave positive results on similar boats. Therefore, if the effect of installing a redan turns out to be excessive - the trim will be too great or the boat will begin to dolphin when not fully loaded (or controlled by the motor tiller), do not be surprised and do not despair. To begin with, move the fuel canisters forward, try to load the nose trunk, put the passenger on the nose seat.

If these simple measures do not help, you will have to install transom plates with an adjustable attack angle (see the mentioned book “300 Tips”). By increasing the angle of attack of the plates, it will be possible to redistribute the load between the plates and the transverse step, achieving the optimal trim for any case of boat loading and weather conditions.

Another useful addition to the serial "MKM" - zygomatic splash guards mounted on the sides at a length of 1.95 m from the stem. They can be made from a strip of 1.5X40 light alloy, fixed to the body with a solid duralumin square 20X20 or short pieces cut from it. The surface of the splash guards should be sloped downwards at an angle of about 10° to the horizontal in order to more effectively deflect splashes.

The above recommendations should significantly reduce the splashing of the MKM boat on the move, improve its germination on the oncoming wave. An even more effective measure would be to install a nasal hydrofoil (see the article by L. L. Heifets “Boat on one wing” in), however, the manufacture and refinement of such a device is a matter that is incomparably more complicated, not to mention the fact that operating a boat on wing is not possible in every water area.

A useful piece of equipment is an awning that protects the cockpit of the boat from splashing in fresh weather. If the boat is controlled by the tiller, it is not necessary to make the awning high and cover the entire cockpit.

Approximate dimensions of a comfortable awning are shown in the sketch. The arches of the awning are hinged towards the nose and placed in front of the windshield. On the move, the aft canopy 4 twists into a roll and is suspended from the arc 3 on ribbons, leaving the cockpit in the stern free to control the boat. In the parking lot, the cockpit can be closed completely, and the height under the awning is sufficient for accommodation on the floorboards for the night. Details are given in the book "300 Tips".

Dural motor boat MKM, specifications which were almost identical to the obsolete "Kazanka", released by the Yaroslavl shipbuilding plant in 1968. Its main difference from its predecessor was the possibility of equipping it with an outboard power unit with a capacity of up to 25 horsepower. Nevertheless, with such a significantly lost in seaworthiness, there were frequent blows with the bow on the water, contributing to the wetting of the cockpit. It is possible to operate the craft normally only in a calm body of water at a distance of no more than one kilometer from the coast.

Housing device

The considered duralumin boats have an aluminum hull one millimeter thick. The design of the element is made in the traditional style, by riveting. A flat bottom with a deadrise index on the transom of two degrees does not particularly add directional stability to the vessel. Bypass cheekbones are located quite low, which practically does not protect passengers from splashes. Some craftsmen independently installed additional chippers of various modifications.

In the stern area, the sides converge upwards. This feature, together with some other design nuances of the hull, was perhaps the only advantage of the vessel, expressed in good parking stability. Under the aft seat and in the forepeak, standard buoyancy blocks were equipped for those times.

Interior fittings

Domestic duralumin boats MKM have a design that provides for the placement of the forepeak and the motor part separately from the cockpit. Between themselves they are separated by waterproof partitions. In the parking position, the power unit can be placed in the appropriate compartment and closed with a metal cover on top. Unsinkability is ensured by a 168-liter forepeak and a large sealed box under the stern.

The vessel is equipped with three transversely mounted banks, windshields, slats made of wood. A pair of bow benches are equipped with folding backs. In the bow below the deck there is a recess that acts as a small trunk with a lid and a lock.

Boat MKM: specifications

This craft does not shine with special or outstanding performance. Below are the main parameters of the vessel:

length / width / height to the maximum - 4100/1520/570 millimeters;
deadrise angle indicator in the bottom part - two degrees;
maximum power - 25 horsepower;
weight of the MKM boat with equipment - 150 kilograms;
carrying capacity - 0.4 tons;
passenger capacity - 4 people;
top speed with load - 35 kilometers per hour.

The operation of the vessel in question is allowed at a wave height of not more than 250 millimeters, which significantly limits the places of its use. The optimal power unit is a motor with a capacity of 12 to 18 horsepower. Most users and experts agree that the size of the MKM boat, combined with a low seaworthiness rating, makes its design extremely unsuccessful. However, the vessel is quite suitable for parking fishing and walking over short distances.

Refinement and repair of MKM boats

The characteristics of a swimming facility can be improved independently in several ways. To eliminate the excessive bending of the bottom part, it is necessary to disassemble the rivet seams that fix the bottom plating, the sides along the cheekbones, the stringers with the keel. The procedure should be performed from the transom to the second frame of the stern.

The transom lower edge, together with the bent element, is cut off by 8 millimeters, and part of the partition of the engine block is cut off by 3 mm. By the same principle, the edges of the side plates interacting with the cheekbone are shortened. The stringers are set flush with the new bottom plane, riveted into place of the transom part.

The kit is temporarily assembled on bolts, sheathing sheets are pressed against it with control of the contours of the bottom. For this, a one and a half meter rail or a metal ruler is suitable. Over the entire area at a distance of 1.5 meters from the transom, the measuring device should be aligned as closely as possible with the skin. Next, the zygomatic squares and the keel profile are adjusted. In this case, the rivet sockets must be expanded to a diameter of 4.2 mm, a sealing tape should be laid and the seams fixed with new rivets.

The second way of tuning

The MKM boat, whose technical characteristics leave much to be desired, can be improved on its own by installing a transverse redan. This element can be made from duralumin or similar sheet alloy with a thickness of one and a half millimeters. After preparing both parts of the part, it is necessary to give it a concave shape by tapping it with a wooden hammer.

The bow edge of the redan is processed in such a way as to ensure a snug fit to the skin. Supporting and connecting strips are made of hardwood or textolite. Before carrying out the final repair of MKM boats, the sheets should be primed and painted. Fasteners are taken in the form of screws made of stainless steel or galvanized iron. Additionally, the fixation points can be strengthened with epoxy glue.

The MKM boat, reviews of which can hardly be called flattering, can be upgraded with additional trim plates with adjustable attack angle (in addition to the redan). By adjusting the angle, it will be possible to adjust the load between the plates and the redan. This will allow you to achieve the optimal trim depending on the load and climatic conditions.

A useful addition to the vessel under consideration will be splash guards. They are mounted on the sides two meters from the stem. It is possible to build parts from a light-alloy strip mounted on the body by means of a duralumin square or parts cut from it. To more effectively reflect splashes, the surface of the fenders should face down at an angle of 10 degrees.

Conclusion

The domestic duralumin boat MKM, the technical characteristics of which practically do not differ from its predecessor called Kazanka, did not find much popularity among the population. The only advantageous difference is the ability to install a more powerful outboard motor. The swimming facility under consideration can be operated with motors of the "Moscow" and "Veterok" types.

The main purpose is amateur fishing and walks in quiet waters near the coast. Despite all the shortcomings of the boat, there are fans of this vessel. With a little skill and effort, you can upgrade and improve its seaworthiness. In the standard version, the MKM does not have any special qualities that make it possible to give preference to this vessel over other boats of a similar class.